Stress Effects on Plant Reproduction

Chiariello, Nona R.; Gulmon, S. L.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-092483-0.50013-x

Cited by 55 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Intraspecific responses of RA to environmental stress have been thoroughly reviewed (Chiariello and Gulmon 1991;Reekie and Bazzaz 2005). Chiariello and Gulmon (1991) noted that many perennial species reduce RA in response to resource limitation (water, nutrients and light), but annual species often increase RA in response to shortage of water, decrease RA in response to light limitation and exhibit no response to nutrients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chiariello and Gulmon (1991) noted that many perennial species reduce RA in response to resource limitation (water, nutrients and light), but annual species often increase RA in response to shortage of water, decrease RA in response to light limitation and exhibit no response to nutrients. As shown by Karlsson and Méndez (2005), these trends are not consistent and vary greatly in response to environmental factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If, for example, C. flava is able to resist competition pressure from more productive species that profit from nutrient enrichment, its shoot and seed mass should only be marginally affected by increased density of neighbouring species, and RA should remain constant. In comparison, when strongly suffering from competition, shoot and seed mass should be reduced, but the relative allocation could be adapted so that RA is maintained or even increased (Chiariello and Gulmon 1991). In the latter case, C. flava would act similarly to annual species that produce a high seed output under unfavourable conditions (Grime 2001;Karlsson and Méndez 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive allocation of Carex flava reacts differently to competition and resources in a designed plant mixture of five species

Suter

2008

Plant Ecol

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In natural plant communities, reproductive allocation can be affected by complex interactions among abiotic resources, species competition and plant size. This topic was addressed using a variety of designed mixed stands of five species (Carex elata, Carex flava, Lycopus europaeus, Lysimachia vulgaris and Mentha aquatica) under four abiotic conditions to investigate how competition and abiotic resources influence the reproductive allocation of one of the five species, C. flava. The plant mixtures varied systematically in both the relative abundance of the five species and the absolute density, and were each established with two levels of water and nutrients. In total, 176 mixtures were maintained for two growing seasons in large pots in an experimental garden. Reproductive allocation of C. flava increased from 6.8% to 9.7% under high nutrient application; however, for both nutrient levels, reproductive allocation was independent of shoot mass (sizeindependent allocation). Under low competition, reproductive allocation of C. flava decreased as its shoot mass increased, indicating a relatively high investment in vegetative structures under higher light availability. However, under strong competition, the allocation pattern changed and a constant reproductive allocation for different plant sizes was observed. Different water levels did not influence the shoot mass, seed mass or reproductive allocation of C. flava, indicating that the species was not stressed under dryer conditions. When under competitive pressure, however, the species responded with reduced shoot and seed production under more favourable water conditions. This behaviour indicates a trade-off between the ability to tolerate stress and the competitive and reproductive response of C. flava. In conclusion, C. flava was adversely affected by competition with some of the species, and competition, mediated by plant size, indirectly affected reproductive allocation. C. flava was able to modify its allocation pattern depending on the available resources and retained its reproductive allocation even under unfavourable conditions for varying plant sizes, which is interpreted as an advantageous reaction to greater competition pressure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive allocation of Carex flava reacts differently to competition and resources in a designed plant mixture of five species

Suter

2008

Plant Ecol

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“…In general, nutrient deficiency stress and water stress bave been found to increase the proportional reproductive output in annual plants (Marsball, Levin & Fowler, 1986;Chiariello & Gulmon, 1991).…”

Section: Allocation Of Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1982)? Does the reproductive allocation increase under salt stress so supporting the general trend of higher reproductive investment found in stressed habitats (Chiariello & Gulmon, 1991)? Secondly, we assume that biomass is the main 'currency' of the allocation of resources within the plant and accordingly we calculate the allocation of mineral elements relative to that of biomass.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Allocation of biomass and mineral elements in Melilotus segetalis (annual sweetclover): effects of NaCl salinity and plant age

Romero

Marañón

1996

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYThe allocation of biomass and mineral elements (Na, K, Ca, P, N, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn) during the ontogenetic cycle of annual sweetclover {Melilotus segetalis (Brot.) Ser,) growing under favourable and saline conditions bas been studied. Plants were grown in a glasshouse, in pots witb siliceous substrate and watered witb Hoagland solution. Half were salinized by adding 170molm"'' N^Cl (15 dS m"') to tbe solution. Eleven har\ests at ]5d inten'als measured tbe dry weigbt distribution within tbe plant and tbe mineral composition. Allocation relative to biomass (AKB) in eacb plant organ, botb under favourable and salt-stress conditions, was calculated for eacb mineral element. Biomass and mineral elements were allocated independently witbin M. segetalis, and tbe general pattern changed witb age and was affected by salinity. Salt-stressed plants were smaller and invested proportionaieh' more biomass in lea\'es. Na was accumulated in roots of young plants and excluded from leaves and fruits, wbereas K was depleted from roots and accumulated in leaves and fruits. Immobile Ca accumulated in leaves, with age, Phloeju-mobile P and X were translocated lo flowers and fruits. Fe. Cu and Zn were diluted in leaves and not affected b\-salt, wbereas Mn concentration increased with age and salinity. The switcb to reproduction and increased demand for nutrients induced drastic cbanges in tbe allocation pattern of mineral elements. Salinity induced a re-allocation of biomass and mineral elements in all plant organs except the reproductive structures, as part of a wbole-plant response to minimize salt toxic effects, to acbieve osmotic adjustment, to preserve tbe reproductive output, and to compensate nutrient imbalance.

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Integration and scaling ofUV‐B radiation effects on plants: from molecular interactions to whole plant responses

Suchar

Robberecht

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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A process based model integrating the effects of UV‐B radiation to molecular level processes and their consequences to whole plant growth and development was developed from key parameters in the published literature. Model simulations showed that UV‐B radiation induced changes in plant metabolic and/or photosynthesis rates can result in plant growth inhibitions. The costs of effective epidermal UV‐B radiation absorptive compounds did not result in any significant changes in plant growth, but any associated metabolic costs effectively reduced the potential plant biomass. The model showed significant interactions between UV‐B radiation effects and temperature and any factor leading to inhibition of photosynthetic production or plant growth during the midday, but the effects were not cumulative for all factors. Vegetative growth were significantly delayed in species that do not exhibit reproductive cycles during a growing season, but vegetative growth and reproductive yield in species completing their life cycle in one growing season did not appear to be delayed more than 2–5 days, probably within the natural variability of the life cycles for many species. This is the first model to integrate the effects of increased UV‐B radiation through molecular level processes and their consequences to whole plant growth and development.

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Stress Effects on Plant Reproduction

Cited by 55 publications

References 85 publications

Reproductive allocation of Carex flava reacts differently to competition and resources in a designed plant mixture of five species

Reproductive allocation of Carex flava reacts differently to competition and resources in a designed plant mixture of five species

Allocation of biomass and mineral elements in Melilotus segetalis (annual sweetclover): effects of NaCl salinity and plant age

Integration and scaling ofUV‐B radiation effects on plants: from molecular interactions to whole plant responses

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