Stress Distribution on Short Implants at Maxillary Posterior Alveolar Bone Model with Different Bone-to-Implant Contact Ratio: Finite Element Analysis

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the stress distribution of the short dental implants and bone-to-implant contact ratios in the posterior maxilla using 3D finite element models. Two different 3D maxillary posterior bone segments were modelled. Group 1 was composed of a bone segment consisting of cortical bone and type IV cancellous bone with 100% bone-to-implant contact. Group 2 was analoged as a bone segment consisting of cortical bone and cancellous bone including spherical bone design and homogenous tubular hollow spaced structures with 30% spherical porosities and 70% bone-to-implant contact ratio. 4 mm diameter and 5 mm height dental implants were assumed to be osseointegrated and placed at the center of the segments. 300 N lateral occlusal bite force was applied at a 25 degree inclination to the implants long axis. The maximum von Mises stresses in cortical and cancellous bones; and implant-abutment complex were calculated. The von Mises stress values upon the implants and the cancellous bone around the implants of the 70% bone-to-implant contact group were almost three times higher compared to the values of the 100% bone-to-implant contact group. For clinical reality, use of the 70% model for finite element analysis (FEA) simulation of the posterior maxilla region better represents real alveolar bone and the increased stress and strain distributions evaluated on the cortical and cancellous bone around the dental implants.

The Influence of the Crown-Implant Ratio on the Crestal Bone Level and Implant Secondary Stability: 36-Month Clinical Study

“…The improper placement of a dental implant and, consequently, the improper direction of the occlusive forces may lead to increased stress and strain distribution on the bone around the dental implants; therefore, the marginal bone loss and recession of the soft tissues may occur [ 31 – 33 ]. However, the authors of the study gave the proper location of the implants careful thought, and thus none of these occurred.…”

Intramembranous bone regeneration and implant placement using mechanical femoral marrow ablation: rodent models

“…The outcomes of the mechanical marrow ablation model are reproducible and applicable to the study of intramembranous bone regeneration 3,4,16 and bone-implant fixation in orthopedic 9,18,19 and dental 22,23 applications. As a technique with a bone regeneration end point (Figure 4), the marrow ablation model induces trabecular bone formation within the intramedullary canal in regions that, under normal conditions, lack trabecular bone.…”

“…The marrow ablation model is primarily used for two main purposes: (1) as a model for intramembranous bone regeneration 3,4,16,17 and (2) as a model to study implant fixation in orthopedics 9,[18][19][20][21] and dentistry. 22,23 Therefore, the model is of interest to orthopedic and dental research, including biomaterial specialists, implant designers and molecular biologists as well as the field of regenerative medicine.…”

Methods of Positioning Cylindrical Dental Implants: A Literature R

“…In dentistry, this technology has penetrated into the production of non-removable orthopedic devices, and now is going on to be used further -in the production of surgical templates as well as in dental implantology [37,38,60].…”