BackgroundShort dental implants are considered an alternative method of treatment to the maxillary sinus elevation and bone augmentation procedure at the sites of a reduced alveolar ridge height.The aim of the study was to determine the most effective therapeutic approach for a single tooth replacement in a reduced maxillary alveolar crest.Material/MethodsWe enrolled 30 partially edentulous patients having a residual crestal height of 6 mm and a minimal width of the alveolar ridge of 6–7 mm: 15 patients received regular dental implants (OsseoSpeed™ L11 Ø4 mm and L13 Ø4 mm) and the implantation was preceded by the sinus lift procedure from a lateral window approach with the application of a xenogeneic bone graft, whereas the remaining 15 patients received short implants (OsseoSpeed™ L6 mm Ø4 mm) without the sinus lift and augmentation procedure.All implants were loaded with single non-splinted crowns. Radiological examination (CBCT, RVG) was performed before the surgery and after 36 months. Primary and secondary stabilization with Osstell ISQ® and Periotest® were assessed.ResultsGood results in primary and secondary stability were achieved in both systems. The marginal bone level (MBL) loss was low (0.22±0.46 mm and 0.34±0.24 mm, for short and conventional implants, respectively). No significant difference in MBL between groups was found.ConclusionsShort implants can be successfully used to support single crowns in the lateral part of the maxilla.
Introduction When the era of dental implantology began, the pioneers defined some gold standards used in dental prosthetics treatment for implant-supported restorations. Referring to traditional prosthetics, it was taken for granted that the length of an implant placed in the alveolar bone (the equivalent of the root) should exceed the length of the superstructure. Aim of the Study The aim of the study was to determine whether implant length and the crown-to-implant (C/I) ratio influence implant stability and the loss of the surrounding marginal bone and whether short implants can be used instead of sinus augmentation procedures. Material and Methods The patients participating in the study (n = 30) had one single tooth implant, a short (OsseoSpeed™ L6 Ø4 mm, Implants) or a regular implant (OsseoSpeed L11 and L13 Ø4 mm, DENTSPLY Implants), placed in the maxilla. The evaluation was based on clinical and radiological examination. The crown-to-implant ratio was determined by dividing the length of the crown together with the abutment by the length of the implant placed crestally. Mean crown-to-implant ratios were calculated separately for each group and its correlation with the MBL (marginal bone loss) and stability was assessed. The authors compared the correlation between the C/I ratio values, MBL, and secondary implant stability. Results Positive results in terms of primary and secondary stability were achieved with both (short and conventional) implants. The MBL was low for short and conventional implants being 0.34 ± 0.24 mm and 0.22 ± 0.46 mm, respectively. No significant correlation was found between the C/I ratio and secondary stability as well as the C/I ratio and the marginal bone loss. Conclusions Short implants can be successfully used to support single crowns. The study has revealed no significant differences in the clinical performance of prosthetic restorations supported by short implants. Clinical trial registration number is NCT03471000.
The aim of the study was to review the current literature on the role of vitamin D in dentistry. The term vitamin D is defined as a group of compounds which are cholesterol derivatives with a similar chemical structure. It is produced in the human body and passes through many stages of synthesis. Vitamin D affects our body through the immune, muscular, nervous, and cardiovascular systems. It is also relevant in dentistry and in the carbohydrate metabolism. Nowadays, vitamin D deficiency levels are high in both the Polish and the world population as a whole. This is due to many factors: latitude, diseases and lifestyle. The data shows that over 90% of people of color (black, Latino, Asian, etc.) and nearly 3/4 of whites living in the United States suffer from a shortage of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH) vitamin D). Meanwhile, studies performed in Poland report that a concentration of vitamin D <20 ng/mL (50 nmol/mL) occurs in 70% of the population. Preliminary reports suggest that vitamin D, through the maintenance of normal bone metabolism, as well as its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity, modulates periodontal disease. A normal level of vitamin D is important in the treatment of periodontitis. More and more studies are focusing on the problem of vitamin D deficiency and its role in the human body. It is very important to maintain normal levels of vitamin D in the blood and supplement it in the case of shortfalls.
The implant-supported restoration of missing teeth is a recognized method of treatment that ensures a functional, esthetic and durable effect, along with patient satisfaction. However, the preferable time of dental implant loading is under debate. Currently, 3 protocols are used: immediate loading; early loading; and conventional (late) loading. Immediate loading provides benefits such as short treatment time, the elimination of the second surgery required for later loading protocols, the protection of the gingival papilla, an immediate esthetic effect, and high patient satisfaction. This review aimed to summarize the evidence on the impact of loading time on marginal bone loss (MBL) around dental implants, which is considered a useful measure of implantological treatment effects. A literature search was conducted based on the PubMed/MEDLINE database. The search focused on studies providing the MBL values by protocol. Out of the 1,366 hits received in the initial search, 10 studies were included in the qualitative analysis. At 12 months, the MBL range was 0.17-1.86 mm in patients undergoing the immediate protocol, 0.14-1.22 mm in patients undergoing the early protocol, and 0.44-0.91 mm in patients undergoing the late protocol. The studies were heterogeneous, but no significant differences in the occurrence of MBL were reported between the immediately and early loaded implants as compared with the conventionally loaded ones. Further studies are needed to determine other factors that might be related to the type of protocol, important for optimal patient treatment.
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