Stress Corrosion Cracking Behaviour of Dissimilar Welding of AISI 310S Austenitic Stainless Steel to 2304 Duplex Stainless Steel

AmaroVicente, Thiago; Oliveira, Leonardo Albergaria; Corrêa, Edmilson Otoni; Barbosa, Reginaldo Pinto; Macanhan, Vanessa Bawden de Paula; Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de

doi:10.3390/met8030195

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…In the often corrosion-prone occluded regions of complex-shaped components, the detection of the attack can be difficult [8], and the evaluation of its intensity becomes especially complex. Local changes in the initial microstructure of the stainless steels and strain concentrations induced during the forming process [1,9], or the treatment of the surface [10], caused by the thermo-mechanical assembly of the components [11] or generated during service exposure [12], can decrease the passive film's stability. Chromium carbide grain boundary precipitation (associated with sensitizing), as well as other undesired phase precipitation, can also be a problem for welded stainless-steel components [11,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Local changes in the initial microstructure of the stainless steels and strain concentrations induced during the forming process [1,9], or the treatment of the surface [10], caused by the thermo-mechanical assembly of the components [11] or generated during service exposure [12], can decrease the passive film's stability. Chromium carbide grain boundary precipitation (associated with sensitizing), as well as other undesired phase precipitation, can also be a problem for welded stainless-steel components [11,13]. The influence of improperly removed welding oxides is another problem that often appears and which cannot be ignored [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Destructive Electrochemical Testing for Stainless-Steel Components with Complex Geometry Using Innovative Gel Electrolytes

Monrrabal

Ramírez-Barat²,

Bautista

et al. 2018

Metals

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Corrosion can be a problem for stainless steels in chloride-containing or other aggressive environments, especially when they are formed as components with complex shapes. Monitoring the corrosion performance of the stainless steels during their in-service life is not always an easy task. Traditional electrochemical cells can be difficult to adapt to complex surfaces, and undesired crevices or liquid electrolyte leaks can occur. In the presented work, the possible use of non-destructive techniques with innovative gel electrolytes was investigated using portable cells. The electrolytes were based on agar (used as a gelling agent with ionic conductivity), glycerol (a plasticizer that improves adaptability to complex surfaces), and NaCl or KClO 4 salts (which improve the conductivity and control the aggression of the tests). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Mott-Schottky analysis were carried out to obtain information about the influence of the electrolyte on the passive layer. The oxygen concentration and conductivity in the gels with various glycerol contents were compared to those in liquid electrolytes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements were carried out in liquids and gels. The performance of the gel cell on a stainless-steel component with a weld and complex shape was checked. The variation in the sensitivity of gels with and without chlorides to identify corrosion-susceptible regions was tested.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Destructive Electrochemical Testing for Stainless-Steel Components with Complex Geometry Using Innovative Gel Electrolytes

Monrrabal

Ramírez-Barat²,

Bautista

et al. 2018

Metals

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“…Welding of dissimilar stainless steel joints can be done between two main types of filler metals: austenitic (e.g., 309L) or duplex (e.g., 2209). Vincente et al stated that the higher corrosion resistance of joints made by the MAG process is favored by the use of duplex steel consumable [45]. Similarly, Rahmani et al recommend using duplex instead of austenitic consumable when using the TIG process [46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autogenous Fiber Laser Welding of 316L Austenitic and 2304 Lean Duplex Stainless Steels

2020

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This study presents results of experimental tests on quality of dissimilar welded joints between 316L austenitic and 2304 lean duplex stainless steels, welded without ceramic backing. Fiber laser welded butt joints at a thickness of 8 mm were subjected to non-destructive testing (visual and penetrant), destructive testing (static tensile test, bending test, and microhardness measurements) and structure observations (macro- and microscopic examinations, SEM, element distribution characteristics, and ferrite content measurements). Non-destructive tests and metallographic examinations showed that the welded joints meet the acceptance criteria for B level in accordance with EN ISO 13919–1 standard. Also the results of the destructive tests confirmed the high quality of the joints: specimens were fractured in base material with lower strength—316L austenitic stainless steel and a 180° bending angle was obtained confirming the high plasticity of the joints. Microscopic examination, SEM and EDS analysis showed the distribution of alloying elements in joints. The microhardness of the autogenous weld metal was higher by about 20 HV0.2 than that of the lean duplex steel. Ferrite content in the root was about 37% higher than in the face of the weld. The Schaeffler phase diagram was used to predict the phase composition of the welded joints and sufficient compliance with the magnetic method was found. The presented procedure can be used for welding of 316L–2304 stainless steels dissimilar welded joints of 8 mm thickness without ceramic backing.

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“…The austenitic steels belong to the stainless steels family and are being characterized by high Ni eq and Cr eq [ 12 , 13 ]. Over time, the chemical composition, mechanical properties, resistance to corrosion, machinability and polish ability of the austenitic steels have evolved considerably, and new production processes have been developed by the steel manufacturers [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Susceptibility and Allergy Potential of Austenitic Stainless Steels

Reclaru¹,

Ardelean

2020

Materials

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Although called stainless steels, austenitic steels are sensitive to localized corrosion, namely pitting, crevice, and intergranular form. Seventeen grades of steel were tested for localized corrosion. Steels were also tested in general corrosion and in galvanic couplings (steels–precious alloys) used in watchmaking applications. The evaluations have been carried out in accordance with the ASTM standards which specifically concern the forms of corrosion namely, general (B117-97, salt fog test), pitting (G48-11, FeCl3), crevice (F746-87) and intergranular (A262-15, Strauss chemical test and G108-94, Electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation test). All tests revealed sensitivity to corrosion. We have noticed that the transverse face is clearly more sensitive than the longitudinal face, in the direction of rolling process. The same conclusion has been drawn from the tests of nickel release. It should be pointed out that, despite the fact that the grade of steel is in conformity with the classification standards, the behavior is very different from one manufacturer to another, due to parameters dependent on the production process, such as casting volume, alloying additions, and deoxidizing agents. The quantities of nickel released are related to the operations involved in the manufacturing process. Heat treatments reduce the quantities of nickel released. The surface state has little influence on the release. The hardening procedures increase the quantities of nickel released. The quantities of released nickel are influenced by the inclusionary state and the existence of the secondary phases in the steel structure. Another aspect is related to the strong dispersion of results concerning nickel release and corrosion behavior of raw materials.

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Stress Corrosion Cracking Behaviour of Dissimilar Welding of AISI 310S Austenitic Stainless Steel to 2304 Duplex Stainless Steel

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Non-Destructive Electrochemical Testing for Stainless-Steel Components with Complex Geometry Using Innovative Gel Electrolytes

Non-Destructive Electrochemical Testing for Stainless-Steel Components with Complex Geometry Using Innovative Gel Electrolytes

Autogenous Fiber Laser Welding of 316L Austenitic and 2304 Lean Duplex Stainless Steels

Corrosion Susceptibility and Allergy Potential of Austenitic Stainless Steels

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