Streptococcus Mutans Membrane Vesicles Enhance Candida albicans Pathogenicity and Carbohydrate Metabolism

Wu, Ruixue; Cui, Guxin; Cao, Yina; Zhao, Wei; Lin, Huancai

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.940602

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…For example, Gtfs can bind to oral microbes such as Lactobacillus and Candida albicans ( C. albicans ), affecting their EPS production [ 53 , 54 ] and enhancing the cariogenicity of symbiotic biofilms [ 55 ]. The vesicles of S. mutans containing Gtfs can also increase C. albicans biofilm formation by increasing EPS production [ 56 , 57 ]. S. mutans and oral Streptococcus mutually inhibit the growth of each other.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exopolysaccharides metabolism and cariogenesis of Streptococcus mutans biofilm regulated by antisense vicK RNA

Sun

Chen

et al. 2023

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Background Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans ) is a pivotal cariogenic pathogen contributing to its multiple virulence factors, one of which is synthesizing exopolysaccharides (EPS). VicK, a sensor histidine kinase, plays a major role in regulating genes associated with EPS synthesis and adhesion. Here we first identified an antisense vicK RNA (AS vicK ) bound with vicK into double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Objective This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of AS vicK in the EPS metabolism and cariogenesis of S. mutans . Methods The phenotypes of biofilm were detected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), gas chromatography-mass spectrometery (GC-MS) , gel permeation chromatography (GPC) , transcriptome analysis and Western blot. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-ip) assay and enzyme activity experiment were adopted to investigate the mechanism of AS vicK regulation. Caries animal models were developed to study the relationship between AS vicK and cariogenicity of S. mutans. Results Overexpression of AS vicK can inhibit the growth of biofilm, reduce the production of EPS and alter genes and protein related to EPS metabolism. AS vicK can adsorb RNase III to regulate vicK and affect the cariogenicity of S. mutans . Conclusions AS vicK regulates vicK at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, effectively inhibits EPS synthesis and biofilm formation and reduces its cariogenicity in vivo .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exopolysaccharides metabolism and cariogenesis of Streptococcus mutans biofilm regulated by antisense vicK RNA

Sun

Chen

et al. 2023

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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“…It is widely recognized that MVs are crucial for intercellular signal transduction and biofilm formation. S. mutans MVs affect the development of biofilms in a range of bacteria and fungi (Cao et al 2020 ; Liao et al 2014 ; Schooling and Beveridge 2006 ; Senpuku et al 2019 ; Wang et al 2015 ; Wu et al 2022 , 2020 ). Antagonism between beneficial commensals (such as S. gordonii and S. sanguinis ) and cariogenic bacteria (such as S. mutans ) is a major factor affecting the composition and ecology of supragingival biofilms (Huang et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus mutans membrane vesicles inhibit the biofilm formation of Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus sanguinis

Cui

et al. 2022

AMB Expr

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Streptococcus mutans, whose main virulence factor is glucosyltransferase (Gtf), has a substantial impact on the development of dental caries. S. mutans membrane vesicles (MVs), which are rich in Gtfs, have been shown to affect biofilm formation of other microorganisms. Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus sanguinis are initial colonizers of tooth surfaces, which provide attachment sites for subsequent microorganisms and are crucial in the development of oral biofilms. S. mutans and S. gordonii, as well as S. mutans and S. sanguinis, have a complex competitive and cooperative relationship, but it is unclear whether S. mutans MVs play a role in these interspecific interactions. Therefore, we co-cultured S. mutans MVs, having or lacking Gtfs, with S. gordonii and S. sanguinis. Our results showed that S. mutans MVs inhibited biofilm formation of S. gordonii and S. sanguinis but did not affect their planktonic growth; contrastingly, S. mutans ΔgtfBC mutant MVs had little effect on both their growth and biofilm formation. Additionally, there were fewer and more dispersed bacteria in the biofilms of the S. mutans MV-treated group than that in the control group. Furthermore, the expression levels of the biofilm-related virulence factors GtfG, GtfP, and SpxB in S. gordonii and S. sanguinis were significantly downregulated in response to S. mutans MVs. In conclusion, the results of our study showed that S. mutans MVs inhibited biofilm formation of S. gordonii and S. sanguinis, revealing an important role for MVs in interspecific interactions.

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“…Membrane vesicles (MV) have been implicated in delivery of S. mutans Gtfs to the biofilm extracellular matrix (Iwabuchi et al, 2021;Senpuku et al, 2019). The effects of MV on commensal Streptococcal biofilm occupants are controversial, as both antagonistic and beneficial effects on commensal Streptococcal biofilm formation have been reported (Wu et al, 2022). The S. mutans Gtfs also contribute to bacterial adherence to tooth enamel through interaction with insoluble glucan.…”

Section: Glucosyltransferases and Extracellular Biofilm Matrix Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of oral streptococcal metabolic diversity: Imagining the landscape beneath the fog

Zuber

Kreth

2023

Molecular Microbiology

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It is widely acknowledged that the human‐associated microbial community influences host physiology, systemic health, disease progression, and even behavior. There is currently an increased interest in the oral microbiome, which occupies the entryway to much of what the human initially encounters from the environment. In addition to the dental pathology that results from a dysbiotic microbiome, microbial activity within the oral cavity exerts significant systemic effects. The composition and activity of the oral microbiome is influenced by (1) host–microbial interactions, (2) the emergence of niche‐specific microbial “ecotypes,” and (3) numerous microbe–microbe interactions, shaping the underlying microbial metabolic landscape. The oral streptococci are central players in the microbial activity ongoing in the oral cavity, due to their abundance and prevalence in the oral environment and the many interspecies interactions in which they participate. Streptococci are major determinants of a healthy homeostatic oral environment. The metabolic activities of oral Streptococci, particularly the metabolism involved in energy generation and regeneration of oxidative resources vary among the species and are important factors in niche‐specific adaptations and intra‐microbiome interactions. Here we summarize key differences among streptococcal central metabolic networks and species‐specific differences in how the key glycolytic intermediates are utilized.

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Streptococcus Mutans Membrane Vesicles Enhance Candida albicans Pathogenicity and Carbohydrate Metabolism

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

Exopolysaccharides metabolism and cariogenesis of Streptococcus mutans biofilm regulated by antisense vicK RNA

Exopolysaccharides metabolism and cariogenesis of Streptococcus mutans biofilm regulated by antisense vicK RNA

Streptococcus mutans membrane vesicles inhibit the biofilm formation of Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus sanguinis

Aspects of oral streptococcal metabolic diversity: Imagining the landscape beneath the fog

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