Streptococcus caprinus sp.nov., a tannin-resistant ruminal bacterium from feral goats

Brooker, J.D.; O’Donovan, Lisa A.; Skene, I.; Clarke, Kenneth; Blackall, Linda L.; Muslera, P.

doi:10.1111/j.1472-765x.1994.tb00877.x

Cited by 132 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The stability of bands 1, 2, 6, and 9 with all legumes indicates presence of dominant and no sensible tannin-rich forages methanogens in the rumen liquor. Some cellulolytic bacteria (Brooker et al, 1994;Nelson et al, 1998), proteolytics (McSweeney et al, 1999, and fungi (Joblin et al, 2002) have already been identified as tannin tolerant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the effects of tropical tanniferous plants on rumen microbiota using qRT PCR and DGGE analysis

Longo¹,

Abdalla²,

Liebich³

et al. 2013

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Tanniferous forages may have bacteriostatic and/or bactericidal effect on different rumen microbial populations. We investigated the influence of the tropical tanniferous plants Styzolobium aterrimum (STA), Styzolobium deeringianum (STD), Leucaena leucocephala (LEU), and Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia (MIC) containing 20, 64, 56, and 105 g condensed tannis (CT)/kg dry matter (DM) and Cynodon spp. cv. Tifton 85 (CYN) as control on Fibrobacter succinogenes and methanogenic microbes in rumen liquor from sheep using the in vitro gas production technique (Hohenheim gas test). The relative gene expression of F. succinogenes at t ½ (time point when 50% of the maximal gas production has been reached) analyzed by quantitative PCR was 0.20-and 0.28-fold lower than the control when LEU and STA was applied and 0.91-and 0.85-fold lower with MIC and STD. Methanogenic population was 0.29-and 0.58-fold reduced with STA and LEU compared to the control, but 5.50-and 1.43-fold higher with MIC and STD. At 24 h, F. succinogenes was reduced for all legumes as well as methanogenic bacteria, except for MIC which increased 4.15-fold. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of the methanogenic community resulted in different band patterns: CYN presented some strong bands, which became weaker in the analyzed treatments. Some bands appeared weaker, especially in MIC and STD, but not in STA and LEU. MIC seemed to increase the total number of weak bands. Overall, the tannin-rich plants negatively affected the F. succinogenes population and caused changes in the structure of the methanogenic community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the effects of tropical tanniferous plants on rumen microbiota using qRT PCR and DGGE analysis

Longo¹,

Abdalla²,

Liebich³

et al. 2013

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…However, previous data have shown that bacteria can develop tolerance to tannins (5,36,37) and even degrade them (13). Likewise, previous research has shown that bacteria remain active even when the environmental temperature is sharply reduced (14,20), as would occur to fecal bacteria during excretion in a cold environment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of Environmental Factors and Influence of Rumen and Hindgut Biogeography on Bacterial Communities in Steers

Romero-Pérez

Ominski

McAllister³

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Feces from cattle production are considered important sources of bacterial contamination of food and the environment. Little is known about the combined effects of arctic temperatures and fodder tannins on rumen and hindgut bacterial populations. Individual rumen liquor and rectal fecal samples from donor steers fed either alfalfa silage or sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) silage and water ad libitum were collected weekly on the first three sampling days and fortnightly afterwards. The daily ambient temperatures were registered and averaged to weekly mean temperatures. Steers fed sainfoin silage had lower (P < 0.05) concentrations of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (VFA) than those fed alfalfa silage. All VFA concentrations were higher (P < 0.001) in rumen liquor samples than in fecal samples. The interaction of sample type and diet showed a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the proportions of the bacterial community that were from the phyla Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. Ambient temperature had an indirect effect (P < 0.05) on the phylum Firmicutes, as it affected its proportional balance. The bacterial population diversity in samples appeared to decrease concurrently with the ambient temperature. The phylum Firmicutes explained the first principal component at 64.83 and 42.58% of the total variance in rumen liquor and fecal samples, respectively. The sample type had a larger effect on bacterial communities than diet and temperature. Certain bacterial populations seemed to be better adapted than others to environmentally adverse conditions, such as less access time to nutrients due to higher motility and rate of passage of digesta caused by extreme temperatures, or antimicrobials such as tannins, possibly due to an influence of their biogeographical location within the gut.

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“…some insects have thicker peritrophic membranes in the intestinal tract and mice, rats and deer show hypertrophy of the salivary gland, including secretion of tanninbinding proline-rich proteins (Makkar & Becker, 1998). In some feral ruminants, particularly goats and camels, tannin-resistant rumen microbial populations have been described (Brooker et al 1994), with the ability of feral goats and camels to digest tannin-containing forages being ascribed, at least in part, to the action of these microorganisms. Several tannin-tolerant or tannin-degrading bacterial species have now been isolated from a variety of sources worldwide (McSweeney et al 2001), and the existence of these micro-organisms appears to be a general phenomenon in animals adapted to a diet containing high levels of tannins.…”

Section: Tanninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemistry of plant secondary metabolites and their effects in animals

2005

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Plant secondary metabolites, which include a wide variety of phytochemicals, have always been constituents of the diets of man and other animals. Although a high proportion of these phytochemicals have been considered to be of little value in plants (although this view is changing), they have frequently been shown to have adverse effects on animals when ingested. The effects depend to a great extent on the chemistry of the compounds, their concentration in the diet and the amount consumed, and are further dependent on the health status of the animals. Traditionally, most studies of the effects of these compounds on animals have focused on their adverse effects and how to alleviate them. However, recent public concern about the use of synthetic compounds in animal diets to enhance performance and health and welfare issues, coupled with changes in regulations on the use of synthetic medicaments, has stimulated interest and research in the use and effects of phytochemicals in the diets of farmed animals. Phytochemicals vary in their chemistry but can be divided into hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds, of which a wide variety of polyphenolic and terpenoid compounds, as well as alkaloids, carbohydrates and non-protein amino acids, invoke special interest. The chemistry, biochemistry and mechanisms of action of these compounds in plants and their effects in animals when ingested will be explored. Phytochemicals: Effects in animalsAs plant secondary metabolites (PSM) are an extremely large group of compounds, a comprehensive overview of their biochemistry, bioactivity and chemistry is not possible in a relatively short review paper. The importance of PSM in ecology, human foods and animal feeds, and as pharmaceuticals with chemical and biochemical attributes has already been described in some detail

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Streptococcus caprinus sp.nov., a tannin-resistant ruminal bacterium from feral goats

Cited by 132 publications

References 16 publications

Evaluation of the effects of tropical tanniferous plants on rumen microbiota using qRT PCR and DGGE analysis

Evaluation of the effects of tropical tanniferous plants on rumen microbiota using qRT PCR and DGGE analysis

Effect of Environmental Factors and Influence of Rumen and Hindgut Biogeography on Bacterial Communities in Steers

Biochemistry of plant secondary metabolites and their effects in animals

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