Strength Properties of Sustainable Mortar Containing Waste Steel Slag and Waste Clay Brick: Effect of Temperature

Abstract

The use of waste streams for the production of sustainable cement-based materials cannot be overemphasized. This study investigates the feasibility of reusing waste steel slag (WSS) and waste clay brick (WCB) as a replacement for natural sand (NS) in mortar. Numerous studies have reported mainly the compressive strength of concrete/mortar, while limited research is available that focuses on the tensile and flexural strength of mortar, and especially the performance at elevated temperature. Hence, this study investigates the tensile and flexural strength of mortar with three different replacement percentages (0, 50 and 100% by volume of NS) of NS by WSS and WCB at normal temperature (without thermal treatment) and after exposure to elevated temperatures (250, 400 and 600 °C). At ambient condition, both tensile and flexural strength were enhanced as the WSS content increased (76 and 68%, respectively, at 100% WSS). In comparison, the strength increased at 50% WCB (25 and 37%, accordingly) and decreased at 100% WCB (23 and 20%, respectively) compared to 100% NS. At elevated temperatures, both the tensile and flexural strength of mortar mixes decreased significantly at 600 °C.

Nano-Modified Vibrocentrifuged Concrete with Granulated Blast Slag: The Relationship between Mechanical Properties and Micro-Structural Analysis

“…At the same time, these characteristics of solutions with the addition of DHS as frost resistance [30] and resistance to chlorides [34], sulfates [33], and various acids [26,32] were studied. Moreover, the authors of many works consider the joint effect of GBFS and other additives (ash, limestone, gypsum, nanosilica) on the formation of the micro-and macrostructure of materials based on them and their physical and mechanical characteristics [10,28,30,[35][36][37][38].…”

“…The effect of the hardening temperature on the concrete properties with the addition of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) was investigated in [17,28,30], in which an analysis of the dependence of properties on the formulations and hardening temperatures of concrete was conducted. In [17], an analysis is undertaken of the influence of the hardening temperature on the final strength of artificial stones consisting of 50% slag, 50% fly ash, and the alkaline additive NaOH (10 M).…”

Selective Leaching of Inert Mineral Product and the RO Phase in Steel Slag with Acetum to Improve Total Fe Content

“…In 2019, China’s crude steel production was 996 million tons [ 2 ], and steel slag production was about 149 million tons, but the utilization rate of steel slag was only 29.5% [ 3 ]. Using fine steel slag powder as cement admixture and concrete admixture [ 4 , 5 ] is the main high added value resource utilization method for steel slag, but the promotion and application of steel slag powder is restricted due to its low hydration activity [ 3 , 6 ]. The conventional techniques used to improve the hydration activity of steel slag powder include carbonization treatment [ 7 , 8 ], high-temperature reconstruction [ 9 , 10 ], mechanical activation [ 11 , 12 ], high-temperature hydrothermal curing [ 13 , 14 ], and chemical activation [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Impact of Induction Furnace Steel Slag as Replacement for Fired Clay Brick Aggregate on Flexural and Durability Performances of RC Beams

“…The uncontrolled firing process produces different types of bricks, such as first-class, second-class, third-class, and picket bricks [ 25 , 26 ]. Typically, the first-class bricks are manually crushed to make coarse aggregate [ 27 , 28 ].…”

“…Thus, the deficiency in the supply of natural aggregate in South Asia, especially in Bangladesh, has raised the necessity to use alternate coarse aggregate in concrete. In this respect, induction furnace steel slag aggregate (IFSSA), a waste material of the steelmaking industry, could serve as an alternative coarse aggregate [ 28 ] and could lower the cost of concrete production.…”