Strength of kaolinite-based ceramics: Comparison between limestone- and quartz-tempered bodies

Allegretta, Ignazio; Eramo, Giacomo; Pinto, Daniela; Kilikoglou, Vassilis

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2015.03.018

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(80 reference statements)

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“…The addition of quartz to the clay in volume fractions >20% improves the toughness of the fired product at 950°C (Kilikoglou et al, 1995;Kilikoglou & Vekinis, 1998). Although Allegretta et al (2015) did not observe significant changes in the strength of kaolin-quartz mixtures after heating at 750°C, the present study shows substantial improvement of the ceramics after addition of quartz temper and firing at 1040°C. Industrial processing, however, should minimize quartz addition to an overall concentration of 25% to reduce costs.…”

Section: Industrial Uses For the Masirah Claycontrasting

confidence: 94%

Nature, genesis and industrial properties of the kaolin from Masirah Island, Oman

Pracejus¹,

Abbasi²,

Al-Khirbash³

et al. 2017

Clay miner.

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Kaolin deposits >10 m thick overlie unconformably a Mesozoic ophiolite sequence at Jabal Humr, Masirah Island, Oman. The clay's mineralogical and chemical composition, plasticity and moisture content were measured to determine its genesis and suitability for commercial usage. The clay-rich raw material contains 76–94% kaolinite and varying amounts of quartz (micro sheets coating kaolinite) and calcite as well as secondary sulfates. The mode of occurrence, an associated shallow-marine iron oolite/pisolite unit, various secondary minerals which can only form in a gossan environment (oxidation zone of a much older sulfide deposit), and minerals such as gypsum that are highly unstable within a laterite, have led to the conclusion that the Jabal Humr kaolinite deposit cannot have the lateritic origin that has been suggested previously. Rather, it must have formed in a coastal marine environment with a subsequent strong geochemical overprint from the underlying gossan environment, after being enveloped by Tertiary carbonates. A high plasticity and its light colour after firing indicate that this material is suitable for industrial use, especially in pottery. Occasional high contents of up to ∼25% extremely fine-grained quartz (sheet-like, <50 nm thick) reduce the need for quartz addition during the processing for ceramic materials; such natural kaolinite-quartz mixtures already produce a suitable blend of materials. The possible occurrence of spalling during or after firing, caused by the sporadic presence of accessory calcite, can be avoided by by further addition of quartz which leads to the formation of calcium silicate.

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Section: Industrial Uses For the Masirah Claycontrasting

confidence: 94%

Nature, genesis and industrial properties of the kaolin from Masirah Island, Oman

Pracejus¹,

Abbasi²,

Al-Khirbash³

et al. 2017

Clay miner.

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“…This is also visible in the sagittal section, where another phenomenon also becomes evident: superficial small fractures not detectable in the Pre-sample micrograph (in particular, in the upper-right edge of the sample) increase their size and length towards the inside of the sample, and stop when they reach a quartz grain. Such behaviour has been observed in other brittle materials, where inclusions (as well as pores) have the ability to stop the fracture propagation and improve the toughness of the ceramic [27,40,41]. The fracture network segmentation was performed on micro-CT micrographs via thresholding (Figure 3).…”

Section: Micro-ct Analysesmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Ceramic samples were prepared following the procedure reported in Allegretta et al (2015) [27]. Briefly, a kaolin clay was mixed with 25 vol.% of quartz temper (grain size of 1 mm) and 5 vol.% of water.…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The general formulation of traditional clay-based ceramics has not changed through the centuries and comprises a clay matrix (e.g. kaolin) and commonly calcite or quartz as mineral phases used for tempering [27]. The material used in this work mimics the formulation of archaeological and traditional clay-based ceramics, allowing us to generalise our finding to traditional and archaeological earthenware crafts.…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the evolution of fractures in clay–based ceramics during repeated freeze-thawing cycles using X-ray micro-computed tomography and image analysis

Porfido

Rizzo

Healy

et al. 2021

Materials Characterization

Self Cite

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This work presents a study on the fracturing behaviour of a quartz tempered clay-based ceramic subjected to damage in freeze-thaw cycles. X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) provided high-resolution imaging of the ceramic before and during the freeze-thaw treatment, allowing to analyse a fully water-saturated sample using a special thermal stage designed to keep the sample frozen during analyses. Micro-CT 3D renderings showed the internal features of the specimen (i.e., quartz grain distribution), the increment of fracture count and size, and the detachment of ceramic and/or temper fragments from the edges of the sample over the cycles. Selected 2D micrographs, before and after freeze-thawing treatment, were analysed using the MATLAB toolbox FracPaQ. This software provided detailed data on fracture length, intensity, density, orientation and connectivity, and enabled to interpret the process of fracture initiation and propagation inside the material. These results showed that the temper plays a crucial role in ceramic fracturing behaviour under freezethawing conditions, as damage propagation is influenced by quartz grain distribution and orientation within the material. The study described in this work, not only offers new insights into the fracture dynamics of freeze-thawed clay-based ceramics, but also presents a new methodological approach to quantitatively measure fracture damage in porous materials.

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“…This approach has been mainly been employed in modern ceramic industry and brick manufacturing in order to improve to general properties of the ceramic materials and the use of alternative resources (Stefanov 1991;Ribeiro et al 2002;Zouaoui and Bouaziz 2017) From the very start of ceramic production, various mineral temper grains were intentionally added by craftsmen to reduce shrinking of the pottery and improve their thermal shock resistance and overall qualities (Bronitsky and Hamer 1983;Biton et al 2014;Kilikoglou et al 1995;Hein et al 2008). Quartz and carbonates are commonly used for this (Allegretta et al 2015), but Levantine communities frequently added basalt to their cooking ceramics (Dornemann 1983), especially extensively from the Iron age II period onwards and might coincide with the practice of new manufacturing procedures and requirements opposed to earlier periods. The main archaeological goal of this article is to answer the question whether the addition of basalt would enhance the suitability of this pottery and contribute to answer the question of recipe selection by ancient craftsmen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic Exploration of the Mechanical Properties of Basalt Grains in Earthenware

Braekmans

Broekman

Grashof

et al. 2018

AEFS

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The overall goal of this paper is to contribute to reconstruct the innovation mechanisms and development of ceramic production using forensic engineering techniques. Instead of optimizing materials as a driver in modern engineering, here we wish to use these methodologies, but aim to solve questions on advancement in the past fabrication process-and thus ultimately understand the key issues of a less or (un)successful design and subsequent improvement. This article wishes to address the advantages and constraints regarding to use of basalt in ceramic matrices. By utilizing a standardized set of different test bars comprising different amounts of basalt fired at both 800°C and 1000°C, it can be concluded basalt tempered ceramics have a higher fracture toughness when compared to quartz enriched materials. It is therefore plausible to identify basalt as a good temper material for (ancient) earthenwares in terms of thermal (shock) activities.

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Strength of kaolinite-based ceramics: Comparison between limestone- and quartz-tempered bodies

Cited by 18 publications

References 49 publications

Nature, genesis and industrial properties of the kaolin from Masirah Island, Oman

Nature, genesis and industrial properties of the kaolin from Masirah Island, Oman

Investigating the evolution of fractures in clay–based ceramics during repeated freeze-thawing cycles using X-ray micro-computed tomography and image analysis

Forensic Exploration of the Mechanical Properties of Basalt Grains in Earthenware

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