Strength Capacities and Behavior of New Composite Timber-Steel Connector

Schreyer, Alexander C.; Lam, Frank; Prion, Helmut G. L.; Bathon, Leander

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2001)127:8(888)

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Traditional timber connections may not be the preferred choice of connection system for heavy timber structures. Hence, timber structures require improved connections and more reliable products than the traditional timber connection systems based on fasteners such as nails, bolts, screws and dowels [1]. In Europe, this has led to the introduction of new types of timber connections such as glued-in bolts or rods through the EU GIROD (European Gluedin Rods) project which involved several European countries and aimed to draft an acceptable standard for joints based on glued-in rods in the context of Eurocode 5 [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of glue-line thickness on pull-out behavior of glued-in GFRP rods in LVL: Finite element analysis

Madhoushi

Ansell

2017

Polymer Testing

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This paper uses finite element analysis (FEA) to verify the results of previous experimental works conducted on the effect of glue-line thickness and rate of loading on pull-out behavior of glued-in GFRP rods in LVL. For this purpose, the materials were considered as orthotropic for the timber and the GFRP rod, and isotropic for epoxy resin. To determine the effects of thickness on pull-out, four glue-lines namely 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mm were modelled. To examine the effects of rate of loading, three glue-lines 0.5, 2 and 4 mm were modelled with different values of modulus of elasticity selected for the resin to simulate higher and lower rates of loading. Results showed that with an increasing thickness of glue-line, the concentration of Z-direction stresses declines across the glue-line thickness from the rod-adhesive interface towards the adhesive-timber interface and the magnitude of shear stresses, τ XZ , increases to a maximum within the glue-line in a zone about 20-30% into the resin layer and this is seen for all glue-line thicknesses. Also, by changing values of elastic modulus for the resin in the FE model to simulate rate of loading, it was shown that thicker glue-lines are more sensitive to loading rate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of glue-line thickness on pull-out behavior of glued-in GFRP rods in LVL: Finite element analysis

Madhoushi

Ansell

2017

Polymer Testing

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“…With increasing temperatures, both the stiffness and strength of the cured adhesive, and thus that of the bonded joint, decrease 29 . The influence of temperature on bonded joints has been intensively investigated in the past, see among others 29–36 . It has been shown that the adhesive has a significant influence on the load‐bearing capacity: With increasing temperatures, the load‐bearing capacity is reduced, but the relationship between temperature and strength is not the same as the relationship between temperature and stiffness, and is therefore not as pronounced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 The influence of temperature on bonded joints has been intensively investigated in the past, see among others. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] It has been shown that the adhesive has a significant influence on the loadbearing capacity: With increasing temperatures, the load-bearing capacity is reduced, but the relationship between temperature and strength is not the same as the relationship between temperature and stiffness, and is therefore not as pronounced. In this respect, see the studies by Richter and Steiger 37,38 on various practical construction epoxy (EP) and polyurethanes (PUR) for wood adhesives, in which it was proven that tensile shear strengths of Glassfibre Reinforced Plastic (GRP) wood adhesives were measured only slightly (≈20%) lower at 70 C than at room temperature, although the glass transition temperature of 48.5 C was clearly exceeded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Threaded rods grouted in beech laminated veneer lumber

Wirries

Tsopjio

Vallée

et al. 2022

Civil Engineering Design

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Glued‐in rods are a class of adhesively bonded joints for timber engineering applications resulting in high‐strength and stiffness connections. However, the use of polymeric adhesives may lead to issues related if the temperatures exceed their glass transition temperature, restricting their performance under quasi‐static, or more critically, sustained loads. To overcome these, the substitution of polymeric adhesives by mineral high‐performance grout was investigated. It was found that primers have neither a significant effect on strength nor on the failure mode; threated wood surfaces, however, resulted in a significant improvement of the latter. Based thereupon, grouted‐in rods were manufactured. The best performance was achieved with a threaded wood surface, which achieved roughly 50% of the strength comparable adhesively bonded glued‐in rod's strength. While the obtained strength may seem quite low, it is important to remind that the latter will largely remain unaffected by temperature; accordingly, made at room temperature, the comparison between grouted and glued rods is in favor of adhesive bonding, it may well be different at elevated ones.

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Experimental study of static and fatigue strengths of pultruded GFRP rods bonded into LVL and glulam

Madhoushi

Ansell

2004

International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives

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Strength Capacities and Behavior of New Composite Timber-Steel Connector

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Effect of glue-line thickness on pull-out behavior of glued-in GFRP rods in LVL: Finite element analysis

Effect of glue-line thickness on pull-out behavior of glued-in GFRP rods in LVL: Finite element analysis

Threaded rods grouted in beech laminated veneer lumber

Experimental study of static and fatigue strengths of pultruded GFRP rods bonded into LVL and glulam

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