Strength and Fatigue of Wind Turbine Rotor Laminates and Subcomponents

Stammes, E.; Sari, JK Josephine

doi:10.2514/6.2010-1189

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Preliminary results were presented in papers by Nijssen 21,22 and detailed in the project's final report. 23…”

Section: Iib Temperature and Frequency Effects On Fatigue Behaviormentioning

confidence: 97%

Temperature and Frequency Effects on the Fatigue Properties of Unidirectional Glass Fiber-Epoxy Composites

Cormier¹,

Nijssen²,

Raijmaekers³

2012

53rd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials ConferenceSelf Cite

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0

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As wind turbines are likely to be installed in a wide variety of environments, knowledge of their materials mechanical properties under extreme environments is needed. The project presented herein aims at evaluating the effects of temperatures of -40 ℃, 23 ℃, and 60 ℃ on the static properties and fatigue lives of unidirectional glass-epoxy composites as found in wind turbine blades load bearing structures. Tensile and compressive static properties, as well as fatigue lives under R = 0.1 and R = −1 loading are evaluated. Moreover, in an attempt to reduce future tests time by using the highest frequency possible, efforts are spent in evaluating the effects of loading frequency on specimen fatigue lives. Frequencies ranging from 1 Hz to 24 Hz are studied. Results show that even if the static strength of the composite is much improved at low temperature, this does not translate to improved fatigue performances and may actually cause a reduction of fatigue lives. On the other hand, static strength degradation at higher temperatures does equate to a significant reduction in fatigue life. This is particularly true for fully reversed fatigue loading. It is also shown that higher loading frequencies are rapidly deleterious at room and elevated temperatures. However, considering the limited effect of low temperatures on fatigue performances, it is believed that cooling could be coupled to higher frequencies in order to accelerate fatigue testing.

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“…Preliminary results were presented in papers by Nijssen 21,22 and detailed in the project's final report. 23…”

Section: Iib Temperature and Frequency Effects On Fatigue Behaviormentioning
confidence: 97%

Temperature and Frequency Effects on the Fatigue Properties of Unidirectional Glass Fiber-Epoxy Composites
Cormier¹,
Nijssen²,
Raijmaekers³
2012
53rd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials ConferenceSelf Cite
2
1
3
0
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“…Details on the reference specimen and material and recent results are documented in e.g. Nijssen et al 6 The reference specimen geometry, fatigue behavior in the form of a constant life diagram (CLD) and fatigue test setup are illustrated in Figure 1.…”

Section: Testing Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%

Materials of large wind turbine blades: recent results in testing and modeling
Mishnaevsky
¹
,
Brøndsted
²
,
Nijssen
³

et al. 2011
Wind Energy
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The reliability of rotor blades is the pre‐condition for the development and wide use of large wind turbines. In order to accurately predict and improve the wind turbine blade behavior, three main aspects of the reliability and strength of rotor blades were considered: (i) development of methods for the experimental determination of reliable material properties used in the design of wind turbine blades and experimental validation of design models, (ii) development of predictive models for the life prediction, prediction of residual strength and failure probability of the blades and (iii) analysis of the effect of the microstructure of wind turbine blade composites on their strength and ways of microstructural optimization of the materials. By testing reference coupons, the effect of testing parameters (temperature and frequency) on the lifetime of blade composites was investigated, and the input data for advanced design of wind turbine blades were collected. For assessing the residual strength and stiffness of wind turbine blades subjected to irregular cyclic loads, a shell‐based finite element numerical methodology was developed, taking into account the non‐linear response of plies, and experimentally validated. Two methods of structural reliability estimation of the blade, which take into account the stochastic nature of the anisotropic material properties and loads, were developed on the basis of the response surface method and the Edgeworth expansion technique, respectively. The effects of fiber clustering, misalignments, interface properties and other factors on the strength and lifetime of the wind turbine blade materials were investigated in the micromechanical finite element simulations. The results described in this paper stem from the Rotor Structure and Materials task of the UPWIND project. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…The complex structured coupon geometry with ply drops is shown in Figure 6. Details of test development for complex coupon, and extensive static and fatigue data and simulation [10] results can be found in References 1, 5 and 10. Damage growth during static and fatigue tests is recorded by an automated camera system as well as visually.…”

Section: B Test Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%

Fatigue Trends for Wind Blade Infusion Resins and Fabrics
Samborsky¹,
Mandell²,
Agastra³
2010
51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference
14
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9
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This paper presents recently expanded test data for resin infused glass fiber laminates of interest for wind turbine blades. The new static and fatigue data extend and clarify trends reported in References 3-7 for the relative performance of epoxy, vinyl ester and polyester resins, and various unidirectional (UD) and biaxial (±45) fabrics, and multidirectional (MD) combinations, in standard laminate tests. Significant resin, fabric and process interactions are identified and explored. A second part of the study involves characterizing the performance of the various fabrics and resins in the context of a recently developed complex structured coupon geometry including ply drops. This coupon provides a simplified approach to exploring the relative performance of blade materials in the context of the complex structural details typical of infused blades. This testing approach highlights the significance of resin toughness differences in a representation which can conveniently be applied to blade design as strain knockdown factors.

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Strength and Fatigue of Wind Turbine Rotor Laminates and Subcomponents

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Temperature and Frequency Effects on the Fatigue Properties of Unidirectional Glass Fiber-Epoxy Composites

Temperature and Frequency Effects on the Fatigue Properties of Unidirectional Glass Fiber-Epoxy Composites

Materials of large wind turbine blades: recent results in testing and modeling

Fatigue Trends for Wind Blade Infusion Resins and Fabrics

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