Stratifying the risk of ovarian cancer incidence by histologic subtypes in the Korean Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Study (Ko‐EVE)

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to verify the association between ovarian cancer (OC) and reproductive-and lifestyle-related risk factors stratified by the subtype of OC. Methods: In this matched case-control study derived from the Korean epithelial ovarian cancer study (Ko-EVE), we calculated the risk of OC subtypes using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) in a logistic regression model. Results:As a result of matching, 531 cases and 2,124 controls were selected.Smoking had positive association with high-grade serous (HGS) OC (OR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.15-6.30), whereas alcohol consumption had positive association with mucinous type (MUC) (OR = 3.63, 95% CI = 1.39-9.49). Obesity (≥30 kg/ m 2 ) was associated with clear cell type (CLC) (OR = 4.57, 95% CI = 1.06-19.77).

The Associations and Causal Relationships of Ovarian Cancer - Construction of a Prediction Model

“…Still, they indicated that induced abortion is an important protective factor when considering the overall incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer. Reid et al 33 found that hormone replacement therapy increases the risk of ovarian cancer, especially in patients with more than five years of life, in line with the results of the present study and those of Sung et al 32 …”

“…This study found that abortion is also a risk factor for ovarian cancer, probably because abortion is prone to gynecological inflammation and infertility, which is in line with the findings of Chi et al 31 who emphasized that the risk of ovarian cancer in women with more than one abortion is 4.199 times higher than that in women with less than one abortion. Sung et al 32 showed that spontaneous abortion was negatively associated with Clear Cell (CLC) ovarian cancer. Still, they indicated that induced abortion is an important protective factor when considering the overall incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer.…”

Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer: From Molecular Pathologies to Clinical Relevance

“…Besides hyperestrogenism and endometrial cysts, oxidative stress and inflammation are discussed as contributors to malignant transformation [17,28]. Therefore, other risk factors include exposure to environmental toxins, including dioxins [29,30], phthalates [31], alcohol [32] and coffee consumption [33], and smoking [34], as well as improper nutritional habits [35,36]. Finally, genetic predisposition has a large influence on the transition from benign endometriosis to malign ovarian cancer.…”