Strategies to vaccinate against cancer of the cervix: Feasibility of a school-based HPV vaccination program in Peru

Attitudes Towards Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination in the Latin American Andean Region

“…Consistent with this, in Bolivia and Ecuador, CC is the leading cause of female cancer deaths [1]. Since 2006, prophylactic primary prevention against the 70-75% of CC due to high risk (HR) HPV-16 and -18 has been available from the heat-labile bivalent (2vHPV) and quadrivalent (4vHPV) vaccinations [3][4][5]. The 96.5% efficacious nonavalent (9vHPV) vaccine affords additional primary prevention from CC due to HR HPV-31, -33, -45, -52, -58 [6].…”

“…Peruvian women have a background HPV prevalence of 17.7% versus a global rate of 10% [16]. At 32.7 per 100,000 women, Peru's CC age-standardized incidence (ASI) is twice that of low-and middle-income countries (LMIC) overall (17.7), and higher than most South American countries (Table 1) [1,4,5,35]. The increased Peruvian CC ASI is attributable to low cytology cover at 51.30, due to a 40.3% Papanicolaou (Pap) test rate, 42.5% sensitivity for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3), and the 1.7-fold higher Peruvian background HPV rate [2,35].…”

Delivery cost of human papillomavirus vaccination of young adolescent girls in Peru, Uganda and Viet Nam

“…[11][12][13][14][15][16][17] For school-based outreach, vaccine coverage was 82.6% in Peru, 88.9% in Uganda and Objective To estimate the incremental delivery cost of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination of young adolescent girls in Peru, Uganda and Viet Nam. Methods Data were collected from a sample of facilities that participated in five demonstration projects for HPV vaccine delivery: schoolbased delivery was used in Peru, Uganda and Viet Nam; health-centre-based delivery was also used in Viet Nam; and integrated delivery, which involved existing health services, was also used in Uganda.…”

Global Delivery of Human Papillomavirus Vaccines

“…23,25,38,[41][42][43] Demonstration programs through the international non-governmental organization PATH have achieved high coverage through school-based delivery in Peru (82.6%), Uganda (88.9%) and Vietnam (96.1%). 42 High coverage has also been seen in school-based demonstration projects in South Africa, 44 Brazil, 45 and Nepal.…”

“…25,42,43 Community approaches are also generally paired with other strategies for a mixed approach to achieve vaccination. A school-based vaccination program in combination with existing community-based childfocused public health campaign was used in Uganda, in order to reach out-of-school girls.…”