Strategies for Optimizing the Photocatalytic Water‐Splitting Performance of Metal–Organic Framework‐Based Materials

Abstract

Semiconductor photocatalytic hydrogen production technology is a pollution‐free and low‐cost technology, which is principal to alleviate the energy crisis. The metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)‐based materials have been widely used in this field because of their regular and controllable pore structure and high specific surface area. Accordingly, the recent progress of MOFs‐based materials in the production of hydrogen through water splitting is reviewed. First, the mechanism of photocatalytic hydrogen production and the existing problems are proposed and then their advantages in photocatalytic hydrogen production and various photocatalytic hydrogen production catalysts based on MOFs are summarized. Subsequently, several methods to improve their photocatalytic hydrogen production property are summarized. Finally, some views on the prospects and challenges of the use of MOFs‐based catalysts for photocatalytic hydrolysis are expounded. Although some reviews associated with MOFs for solar‐driven H2 production have been published, most of them focus on the classification of MOFs photocatalysts. This is the first comprehensive review concentrating on the strategies for optimizing the photocatalytic activity of MOFs‐based materials for H2 production. It is believed that the suggestions provided here can help to study MOFs‐based photocatalytic reactions and to further promote the development of this research direction in the future.

Incorporating NiCoP Cocatalyst into Hollow Rings of ZnCo-Metal–Organic Frameworks to Deliver Pt Cocatalyst like Visible Light Driven Hydrogen Evolution Activity

“…Thereafter, the holes are consumed by TEOA to form TEOA + in the VB of NCP, and the electrons in CB take part in the reduction of water to produce H 2 by reducing the H + . Moreover, with the presence of nitrogen atoms in the 2-methylimidazole framework with extra lone pairs of electrons, it is believed that after the loading of NCP there is formation of metal-N bonding states which not only efficiently enhance charge transport and separation between NCP and ZCM but also enhance the activity of the ZCM by electronic coupling and charge redistribution. − These observations are also supported by photocurrent and EIS measurements. The tunability of the band positions, efficient absorption in the midvisible range, charge separation, and unique structural features makes NCP@ZCM an excellent photocatalyst for visible light photocatalytic H 2 evolution.…”

Integrating TEMPO into a Metal–Organic Framework for Cooperative Photocatalysis: Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Sulfides

“…Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), derived from different metal-oxo nodes and organic linkers with persistent porosity, large specific surface areas, and uniform open cavities, are distinct crystalline porous materials. − Due to the noticeable thermal and chemical durability and the availability of abundant and spatially distributed binding sites, MOFs containing various metal-oxo nodes and carboxyl organic linkers are one of the most widely studied categories. − So far, to obtain a better activity in diversified fields, a variety of strategies have been used for MOFs, including adding acid modulators, , changing solvents, loading metals, − constructing heterojunctions, − and so forth. In this context, this might be applicable in redox reactions powered by light over MOFs.…”

MOF-Derived Non-Noble Metal CoP Nanoparticle Modified TiO2 for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

“…Inspired by photosynthesis from nature, artificial photosynthesis is designed to convert solar energy to chemical fuels to alleviate issues coming from the burning of fossil fuels, since Fujishima and Honda indicated that the n-type TiO 2 electrode will decompose water for hydrogen production under solar light . However, a satisfied photocatalytic efficiency has not been achieved because of the limited solar light absorption by most semiconductors, the high recombination rate of photogenerated electron–holes, and the slow surface reaction kinetics. − The related work has been particularly reported by Mei et al and Wang et al , …”

“…29,48−50 The porous structure and high crystallinity of MOF-based materials are favorable for electron transfer to improve the photocatalytic performance. 1 The Co-based zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67) with zeolite-like topological structures, abundant carbon, and nitrogen coordination was considered as a precursor for preparing cobalt phosphides. 51,52 In this work, we prepared CoP nanoparticles via phosphorization treatment of the Co zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67).…”

“…Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), as a class of porous materials with a large specific surface area, tunable porosity, and high crystallinity, have a broad application prospect in the fields of ion storage, lithium-ion batteries, and especially photocatalysis. ,− The porous structure and high crystallinity of MOF-based materials are favorable for electron transfer to improve the photocatalytic performance . The Co-based zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67) with zeolite-like topological structures, abundant carbon, and nitrogen coordination was considered as a precursor for preparing cobalt phosphides. , …”