Strategic spatial planning for sustainable development – Swedish planners’ institutional capacity

Improving strategic planning for nature: Panacea or pandora’s box for the built and natural environment?

“…Perhaps most significant in the context of this paper there was a new but important tension exposed relating to the universal rejection of a separate strategic planning process that champions nature in favour of more holistic approaches incorporating and managing economic, social and environmental interests from the outset which endorses the pursuit of mainstreaming and landscape-scale approaches. It was also noteworthy that both workshops were operating within the shallower model of mainstreaming moving away from positions demanding more radical change, challenging existing power structures (Trygg and Wenander 2022 ). This reinforces Currys ( 1993 ) fallacy of creeping incrementalism by adding layers of governance to current arrangements rather than rejecting current policy and governance frameworks as not fit for purpose.…”

“…The multi-scalar politics of planning plays a fundamental part in shaping the opportunities and challenges for mainstreaming nature and the nature of change. Trygg and Wenander’s ( 2022 ) Swedish study found that planners lacked awareness of political agendas or the tools or capabilities to prioritise policy trade-offs. This resonates with workshop results set within a consistent relegation of nature with vague and uncertain policy objectives (Allmendinger and Haughton 2009 ).…”

“…Strategic planning is a heavily used concept in planning research and policy; one which is often presented as a panacea to address societal challenges but without well-developed theory (Albrechts 2016 ) or identification of the mechanisms necessary for delivery (Trygg and Wenander 2022 ). Albrechts ( 2015 :511) provides a useful starting point for unpacking strategic planning processes and outcomes as: “a socio-spatial process through which a range of participants in diverse institutional relations and positions come together to design plan-making processes and develop contents and strategies for the management of spatial change; an opportunity for constructing new ideas and processes that can carry them forward; collective efforts to reimagine a city, urban region, or region and to translate the outcome into priorities for area investment, conservation measures, strategic infrastructure investments, and principles of land-use regulation”.…”

“…Second, there is political tension between the desire to create pro-active long-term visions versus the need to react to short-term priorities leading to conflicting temporal priorities (Haughton et al 2013 ). Finally, there is a conceptual tension around the need for more radical and participatory planning epistemologies challenging established power structures as opposed to incremental approaches working within existing political and economic structures (Allmendinger and Haughton 2010 ; Trygg and Wenander 2022 ). Such tensions are evident in many European planning systems through the widespread adoption of neoliberal approaches which increasingly undermine strategic planning rationales in favour of short-term gains (Loh and Sami 2013 ; Tait and Hansen 2013 ; Olesen 2014 ).…”

Analysis of Incoterms and Relational Resources to Improve Competitive Advantage: A Study of Freight Forwarders Company in Indonesia

“…Due to the lengthy development process and significant ambiguity involved, such resources are expensive and difficult for a company's competitors to replicate (Morgan and Hunt, 1999). Study related to relational resources has been widely carried out in various fields and industries (Acharya et al, 2022;Beise-Zee, 2022;Chabowski and Samiee, 2023;Chen and Cooper-Thomas, 2022;Collings and Wright, 2022;Di Milia and Jiang, 2022;Fernandez et al, 2022;Helkkula and Arnould, 2022;Kang and González-Howard, 2022;Kassberg and Dornberger, 2022;Lavender-Stott and Allen, 2023;Lee and Yoo, 2022;Li et al, 2022;Lund and Wang, 2022;Maitlis, 2022;Mugwagwa et al, 2022;Oliver-Blackburn et al, 2022;Ozaslan et al, 2022;Parente et al, 2022;Schweikl and Obermaier, 2022;Seepana et al, 2022;Trygg and Wenander, 2022;Wu et al, 2022). However, the results of studies related to Freight forwarders are still few (Balci et al, 2019;Birkel et al, 2020;Carbone and Stone, 2005;Ferrer et al, 2010;Houé and Murphy, 2018;Shou et al, 2017;Wong and Karia, 2010).…”