“…They also concluded that instructional self-talk can be a technique for beginner volleyball players. On the other hand, self-talk (internal conversation, interpersonal communication, inner or hidden speech, and selfcommunication) is one of the most common and reliable strategies for athletes to improve sports performance (Galanis et al, 2022). Previous research shows that the use of words or phrases helps athletes to pay attention, learn, learn, correct mistakes, develop competition plans, change or quite bad habits, create and change emotions and mood, think positively, strengthen expectations, create and increase self-esteem, motivation and achieving high levels of performance (Weinberg & Gould, 2011).…”