In addition to the environmental problems that have plagued human life in recent decades, the outbreak of the coronavirus epidemic has endangered people's health and adversely affected their lives in other ways. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the advantage of using shared bicycles (SB) during the outbreak of epidemics. For this purpose, 310 male subscribers of an SB system were examined. The research tool was a questionnaire taken from studies. The results showed that the environmental and health advantages were favourable, but the place advantage indicated a relatively unfavourable situation. The results of the structural equation model also showed that the advantages of using an SB based on the highest impact are the motivational advantage, health advantage, environmental advantage, social advantage, financial advantage and place advantage. These results can provide useful solutions for governments to reduce environmental risks and maintain health and physical activity during epidemics.
This study was conducted to determine the relationship between quality of life and adherence to physical activity and their impact on life expectancy in the elderly of Mashhad who spends their leisure time exercising and physical activity in the parks of this city. The research method was descriptive-correlational, and the investigation was carried out as a field study. The statistical population of the study consisted of 565 individuals who do exercise and physical activity in public parks of Mashhad city in 2021. Quality of Life scale (QLS, SF26), Adult Life Expectancy Scale ((ALES), Snyder et al., 1991), and Adherence to Physical Activity Scale ((APAS) Derakhshanpour et al., 2016), were used as data collection tools in this research. The results showed that there was almost moderate to strong positive correlation between quality of life with life expectancy, factor thinking and strategic thinking. There was also a moderate negative correlation between physical problems dimension with life expectancy and strategic thinking, but there isn't any correlation between physical problems with factor thinking. Also, there was moderate correlation between psychological and social dimensions with life expectancy, factor thinking and strategic thinking. Also, it has been seen that there was strong positive correlation between adherence to physical activity with life expectancy, factor thinking and strategic thinking. There was also strong positive correlation between awareness and equipment with life expectancy, factor thinking and strategic thinking. And, there was moderate correlation between reinforcement with life expectancy, factor thinking and strategic thinking. According to the results of the present study, increasing adherence to physical activity can lead to improving the life expectancy of the elderly, ultimately providing a good quality of life for them.
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients have a raised risk of developing depression compared with non-diabetic people. Objective: The objective of this meta-analysis was to investigate the impacts of exercise training interventions to improve psychosocial aspects and glycemic control in T2DM patients. Data sources: PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases and reference lists of included studies were searched. Study selection: The selection criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using an exercise intervention with or without dietary advice on psychological aspects and glycemic control in T2DM patients, up to January 2021. Meta-analyses were performed using the random-effects model. The analysis included 17 RCTs with 2,127 participants. Results: In the pooled analysis, improvements were seen in depression, standard mean difference (SMD) −0.65 (95% confidence interval (CI) −1.03 to −0.28, p = 0.0006), mental health SMD: 0.53 (95% CI 0.31 to 0.76, p < 0.00001), and HbA1c, weighted mean difference (WMD) −0.51% (95% CI −0.97 to −0.04, p = 0.03). There were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups for bodily pain, social functioning, and fasting glucose (all p > 0.05). Conclusion: Our systematic review and meta-analysis displayed that exercise training interventions decreased depression and HbA1c and increased mental health in individuals with T2DM. Further longer-term and high-quality clinical trials are required to additional assess and confirm the findings presented here.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a combination of interval and polymetric training on some physical fitness parameters in Imam Reza international university employees. In this semi-experimental study, 24 men age between 30 and 35 years and a body mass index of 25 to 27 kg/m2 were assigned into experimental (n=12) and control (n=12) groups. Subjects in experimental group (interval and polymetric training) under went six weeks, 3 sessions per week and each session 60-90 minutes polymetric training at an intensity of 80-85% maximal heart rate. The parameters of the test included: cardio respiratory endurance, anaerobic power, speed, agility, muscular endurance and power were collected before and after six weeks of training. While the control group was prevented from any sport activity and just participated in pre and post-testing. Six weeks of combined training program resulted in a significant difference in cardiovascular endurance records, muscular endurance, speed and agility between experimental and control groups. But a significant difference between anaerobic and power can be found at the end of the period. The combination of interval and polymetric training is affective in improving physical fitness parameters among staffs of Imam Reza international university.
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases. It is shown that moderate to high physical activities can play a crucial role in improving this disease. Aim The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on the levels of the myonectin in serum and tissue levels and fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4) in male rats with NAFLD. Materials and methods Thirty-three male rats were randomly divided into five groups: high-fat diet to confirm NAFLD induction (n = 5), normal diet sedentary (n = 7), high-fat diet sedentary (n = 7), high-fat diet with HIIT (n = 7), and high-fat diet with MCIT (n = 7). Induction of NAFLD was performed by feeding rats for 12 weeks with a high-fat diet containing 60% fat. The training protocols were performed in five sessions per week for 8 weeks. The HIIT group has performed 4 × 4 min interval running on a treadmill up to 80–95% maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and then recovered at 50–60% VO2max. The MICT protocol has performed up to 50–60% VO2max for 50 min. myonectin and FATP4 were also measured by the animal Elisa kit (Zellbio, Germany) with a sensitivity of 0.02 ng/L. Insulin resistance was evaluated by the insulin resistance homeostasis assessment index using the following formula (HOMA-IR): “fasting glucose (mg/dl) × fasting in insulin (mg/L) ÷ 405”. One-way ANOVA analysis of variance was utilized for statistical analyses and Tukey’s post hoc test at a significant level of p < 0.05. Results The 8-week intervention showed that both HIIT and MICT positively influenced the serum myonectin and FATP4 levels (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant difference between the trained groups in tissue levels of the myonectin and serum levels of FATP4 (p < 0.05). Conclusions Altogether, both HIIT and MICT can lead to valuable adaptations and recovery of NAFLD in male rats.
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