“…A value chain is a chain of activities that organizations perform to deliver a product or service to the market (Porter, 1985). Structures such as COS facilitate co-creation, co-sharing of skills, co-management, codevelopment, and co-innovation among its members (Ceccagnoli, Forman, Huang, & Wu, 2012;de Rond, 2003;Grover & Kohli, 2012;Rai, Pavlou, Im, & Du, 2012). The IT competencies help a COS in facilitating these activities, which results in business value for its members.…”