Stramonita haemastoma as a bioindicator for organotin contamination in coastal environments

Limaverde, Aricelso Maia; Wagener, Ângela de Luca Rebello; Fernandez, Marcos Antônio; Scofield, Arthur de L.; Coutinho, Ricardo

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2007.03.001

Cited by 48 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…It can accumulate more in animals at lower trophic levels because they have a poor capacity to degrade this compound. 33 The results of this study can be compared with those obtained by Limaverde et al 20 using the gastropod Stramonita haemastoma and the bivalve Perna perna as bioindicators, with TBT concentrations ranging from < LOD to 62 ng Sn g -1 (155 ng TBT g -1 ) for S. haemastoma and < LOD to 110 ng Sn g -1 (275 ng TBT g -1 ) for P. perna. For crustaceans, Takeuchi et al 30 quantified TBT in amphipods (Caprella spp.)…”

Section: Application Of the Methodsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…The tissue extraction is a modification of the proposed method by Limaverde et al 20 for organotin extractions in mussel tissue. The extraction was performed by adding 3.5 mL of hydrochloric acid and 5 mL of methanol, homogenizing in vortex for 1 min for digestion.…”

Section: Butyltin Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 10 min rest, 1 g of sodium chloride was added to saturate the solution (salting-out effect). The extraction was performed with toluene, replacing ethyl ether-hexane proposed by Limaverde et al 20 A volume of 8 mL of toluene was added, followed by vortex agitation for 1 and 10 min of extraction in an ultrasonic bath, and then centrifugation for 5 min at 2000 rpm. This procedure was repeated three times, and the combined extracts were transferred to a separation funnel, where 10 mL APDC (0.1% v/v in water) was added to complex the TBT and to reduce its water solubility.…”

Section: Butyltin Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in Brazil, it is difficult to obtain this reagent because it is not authorized to be transported overland. An alternative for such studies is an adaptation of the used method by Limaverde et al 20 for mollusks, which uses Grignard reagent. Another study 16 successfully used Grignard reagent for analysis of BTs in mussel tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[17][18][19] In Brazil, some recent studies have used gas chromatography with pulsed flame photometric detection (GC-PFPD) to analyze BTs in both biotic and abiotic samples. 4,[20][21][22] For analysis of BTs by GC, it is necessary a derivatization step, for which the main used agents are Grignard reagent and sodium tetraethylborate. 2,23,24 In addition to the derivatization, the analytical procedure involves extraction using an apolar solvent (hexane or toluene) and a clean-up step using Florisil and silica.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tributyltin in crustacean tissues: analytical performance and validation of method

Cristale

Santos

Sant’Anna

et al. 2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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O ermitão Clibanarius vittatus é um organismo típico de regiões intertidais estuarinas sendo considerado um possível bioindicador da presença de tributilestanho (TBT) nesses ambientes. Por esta razão, este estudo apresenta o desempenho analítico e a validação do método para quantificação de TBT em tecidos de C. vittatus por cromatografia gasosa com detector fotométrico de chama pulsante (GC-PFPD), após extração com solvente apolar (tolueno) e derivatização com reagente de Grignard. Os limites de detecção do método (LOD) foram 2,0 e 2,8 ng g -1 para TBT e DBT (dibutil estanho), respectivamente, e seus limites de quantificação (LOQ) 6,6 e 8,9 ng g -1 para TBT e DBT, respectivamente. O método foi aplicado em amostras do Estuário de Santos, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. As concentrações de TBT e DBT variaram de 26,7-175,0 ng g -1 a 46,2-156,0 ng g -1 , respectivamente. As concentrações encontradas saopreocupantes uma vez que efeitos tóxicos (tais como a alteração endócrina) têm sido relatados em outros organismos, mesmo em níveis inferiores aos registrados no presente estudo.The hermit crab Clibanarius vittatus is a typical organism from intertidal regions being considered as a good bioindicator of tributyltin presence at these environments. Thus this study presents the analytical performance and validation method for TBT quantification in tissues of C. vittatus by gas chromatography with pulsed flame photometric detector (GC-PFPD) after extraction with an apolar solvent (toluene) and Grignard derivatization. The limits of detection of the method (LOD) were 2.0 and 2.8 ng g -1 for TBT and DBT (dibutyltin), respectively, and its limits of quantification (LOQ) were 6.6 and 8.9 ng g -1 for TBT and DBT, respectively. The method was applied to samples from Santos Estuary, São Paulo State, Brazil. TBT and DBT concentrations ranged from 26.7 to 175.0 ng g -1 and from 46.2 to 156.0 ng g -1 , respectively. These concentrations are worrisome since toxic effects (such as endocrine disruption) have been reported for other organisms even under lower levels of registred at this study.Keywords: crustaceans, organotin, tributyltin (TBT), gas chromatography IntroductionButyltin compounds (BTs), members of the class of organometallic contaminants, are found in coastal regions worldwide because they were used in antifouling paints for many years. [1][2][3] In spite of the total worldwide ban proposed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in January 2008, these compounds are still found in different environmental compartments of aquatic systems. 4 Their toxic effects are observed in many species because tributyltin (TBT) can induce an endocrine disruption process known as imposex. 5 This effect in mollusks has been well documented. [6][7][8] Other effects caused by TBT include shell malformation in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, suppressed Tributyltin in Crustacean Tissues: Analytical Performance and Validation of Method J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 40 growth in the centric diatoms Skeletonema costatum and Thalassiosira pse...

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Section: Application Of the Methodsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Butyltin Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Butyltin Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tributyltin in crustacean tissues: analytical performance and validation of method

Cristale

Santos

Sant’Anna

et al. 2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Cellular, biochemical, and molecular characterization of nitric oxide synthase expressed in the nervous system of the prosobranch Stramonita haemastoma (Gastropoda, Neogastropoda)

Cioni¹,

Patti²,

Venturini³

et al. 2011

J of Comparative Neurology

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Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) has been characterized in several opistobranchs and pulmonates but it was much less investigated in prosobranchs, which include more than 20,000 species and account for most of the gastropod diversity. Therefore, new data from this large group are needed for a better knowledge of the molecular evolution of NOS enzymes in molluscs. This study focused on NOS expressed in the nervous system of the prosobranch neogastropod Stramonita haemastoma. In this study we report compelling evidence on the expression of a constitutive Ca(2+) /CaM-dependent neuronal NOS in the central and peripheral nervous system. The prevailing neuronal localization of NADPHd activity was demonstrated by NADPHd histochemistry in both central and peripheral nervous system structures. L-arginine/citrulline assays suggested that Stramonita NOS is a constitutive enzyme which is both cytosolic and membrane-bound. Molecular cloning of the full-length Stramonita NOS (Sh-NOS) by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by 5' and 3' RACE showed that Sh-NOS is a protein of 1,517 amino acids, containing a PDZ domain at the N-terminus and sharing similar regulatory domains to the mammalian neuronal NOS (nNOS). Regional expression of the Sh-NOS gene was evaluated by RT-PCR. This analysis showed different expression levels in the nerve ring, the osphradium, the cephalic tentacles, the buccal tissues, and the foot, whereas NOS expression was not found in the salivary glands and the gland of Leiblein. The present data provide a solid background for further studies addressing the specific functions of NO in neogastropods.

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Effects of tributyltin exposure in hermit crabs: Clibanarius vittatus as a model

Sant’Anna¹,

Santos²,

Marchi³

et al. 2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Tributyltin (TBT) contamination affects the reproductive system of many species of invertebrates worldwide. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of exposure to TBT pollution on the reproduction of the hermit crab Clibanarius vittatus. An orthogonal experiment was designed with two treatments: contamination (with or without TBT in the food) and crab sex (males and females). The animals were reared in the laboratory for nine months, and macroscopic and histological analyses of reproductive organs were carried out after the end of the experiment. Tributyltin was recorded in exposed crabs, but no morphological alterations were detected in the gonads of males, regardless of whether they were exposed to TBT. In contrast, females exposed to TBT displayed disorganization and atrophy of their ovaries, thus directly affecting reproduction in this hermit crab species. This effect observed in female hermit crabs may harm populations located in harbor regions, where TBT concentration is high, even after the worldwide TBT ban.

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Stramonita haemastoma as a bioindicator for organotin contamination in coastal environments

Cited by 48 publications

References 44 publications

Tributyltin in crustacean tissues: analytical performance and validation of method

Tributyltin in crustacean tissues: analytical performance and validation of method

Cellular, biochemical, and molecular characterization of nitric oxide synthase expressed in the nervous system of the prosobranch Stramonita haemastoma (Gastropoda, Neogastropoda)

Effects of tributyltin exposure in hermit crabs: Clibanarius vittatus as a model

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