Strain-relief by single dislocation loops in calcite crystals grown on self-assembled monolayers

Ihli, Johannes; Clark, Jesse N.; Côté, Alexander S.; Kim, Yi‐Yeoun; Schenk, Anna S.; Kulak, Alexander N.; Comyn, T.P.; Chammas, Oliver; Harder, Ross; Duffy, Dorothy M.; Robinson, Ian; Meldrum, Fiona C.

doi:10.1038/ncomms11878

Cited by 44 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Indeed, dislocations have a signature phase pattern of a 2π rotation. A dislocation loop would produce the same phase pattern in 3D and these have indeed been seen in BCDI experiments [57,58]. However, the presence of dislocations in the nanocrystals cannot be completely eliminated as it is possible that the resolution in the experiments is not enough to view a single dislocation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Bragg coherent diffraction imaging of iron diffusion into gold nanocrystals

et al. 2018

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Understanding how diffusion takes place within nanocrystals is of great importance for their stability and for controlling their synthesis. In this study, we used the strain sensitivity of Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (BCDI) to study the diffusion of iron into individual gold nanocrystals in situ at elevated temperatures. The BCDI experiments were performed at the I-07 beamline at Diamond Light Source, UK. The diffraction pattern of individual gold nanocrystals was measured around the (11-1) Bragg peak of gold before and after iron deposition as a function of temperature and time. Phase retrieval algorithms were used to obtain real space reconstructions of the nanocrystals from their measured diffraction patterns. Alloying of iron with gold at sample temperatures of 300°C-500°C and dealloying of iron from gold at 600°C were observed. The volume of the alloyed region in the nanocrystals was found to increase with the dose of iron. However, no significant time dependence was observed for the structure following each iron deposition, suggesting that the samples reached equilibrium relatively quickly. The resulting phase distribution within the gold nanocrystals after the iron depositions suggests a contraction due to diffusion of iron. Our results show that BCDI is a useful technique for studying diffusion in three dimensions and alloying behaviour in individual crystalline grains.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Bragg coherent diffraction imaging of iron diffusion into gold nanocrystals

et al. 2018

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“…Top‐down, and corresponding side views of two crystals are presented. Panel (c) is adapted from Ihli et al …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further confirmation of these structures as dislocations is provided by our recent study of {012} oriented calcite crystals located on carboxyl‐terminated self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) using Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (BCDI) . This synchrotron‐based technique enables the visualisation of dislocations in 3D.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This synchrotron‐based technique enables the visualisation of dislocations in 3D. BCDI of 2 μm calcite crystals (ie at an earlier stage of development) precipitated in the absence of QDs revealed the presence of single dislocation loops within each crystal (Figure c) where these were of comparable sizes and orientations to those seen here by STORM . Notably, these loops exhibit entirely different geometries to the traditional misfit dislocations that form between two crystalline materials with a close lattice match .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Use of a STORM‐based approach to visualise the principal crystallographic defects in 3D therefore provides a promising extension to these existing X‐ray and electron‐based methodologies. While we cannot entirely exclude the possibility that the nanoparticles could contribute to the formation of dislocations, the fact that the number density and the shapes of the dislocations present are comparable in crystals formed in the presence and absence of nanoparticles suggests that this is unlikely. In situ AFM analysis of calcite growth in the presence of nanoparticles has also shown that propagation of the surface steps past adsorbed particles is facile .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Super‐Resolution Microscopy Reveals Shape and Distribution of Dislocations in Single‐Crystal Nanocomposites

et al. 2019

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With their potential to offer new properties, single crystals containing nanoparticles provide an attractive class of nanocomposite materials. However, to fully profit from these, it is essential that we can characterise their 3D structures, identifying the locations of individual nanoparticles, and the defects present within the host crystals. Using calcite crystals containing quantum dots as a model system, we here use 3D stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) to locate the positions of the nanoparticles within the host crystal. The nanoparticles are shown to preferentially associate with dislocations in a manner previously recognised for atomic impurities, rendering these defects visible by STORM. Our images also demonstrate that the types of dislocations formed at the crystal/substrate interface vary according to the nucleation face, and dislocation loops are observed that have entirely different geometries to classic misfit dislocations. This approach offers a rapid, easily accessed, and non‐destructive method for visualising the dislocations present within crystals, and gives insight into the mechanisms by which additives become occluded within crystals.

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Dealloying in Individual Nanoparticles and Thin Film Grains: A Bragg Coherent Diffractive Imaging Study

Cha

Liu

You

et al. 2017

Adv Funct Materials

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Dealloying is a process whereby selective dissolution results in a porous, strained structure often with new properties. The process is of both intrinsic and applied interest, and recently has been used to make highly active catalysts. The porosity has been studied using electron microscopy while the dealloying-induced strain has been studied at the ensemble level using X-ray diffraction. Despite the importance of local, for example, at the individual particle or grain level, strain in controlling the properties of the dealloyed material, it remains unresolved due to the difficulty of imaging 3D strain distributions with nanometer resolution in reactive environments. This information could play an integral role in understanding and controlling lattice strain for a variety of applications. Here, 3D strain distributions in individual nanoparticles and thin film grains in silver-gold alloys undergoing nitric acid-induced dealloying are imaged by Bragg coherent diffractive imaging. Particles exhibit dramatic changes in their local strains due to dealloying but grains do not. The average lattice in both grains and particles contracts during dealloying. In general, the results reveal significant dealloying-induced strain heterogeneity at the nanoscale in both isolated and extended samples, which may be utilized to develop advanced nanostructures for a variety of important applications.

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Strain-relief by single dislocation loops in calcite crystals grown on self-assembled monolayers

Cited by 44 publications

References 38 publications

Bragg coherent diffraction imaging of iron diffusion into gold nanocrystals

Bragg coherent diffraction imaging of iron diffusion into gold nanocrystals

Super‐Resolution Microscopy Reveals Shape and Distribution of Dislocations in Single‐Crystal Nanocomposites

Dealloying in Individual Nanoparticles and Thin Film Grains: A Bragg Coherent Diffractive Imaging Study

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