Strain Potential of Liquefied Soil

Performance-based probabilistic liquefaction-induced ground settlement procedure

“…Alternatively, ψ can be used instead of D r . The in situ state parameter, ψ , is computed by averaging the results from the CPT-based correlations of Olaya and Bray (2022) and Robertson (2010). The use of alternative liquefaction triggering procedures or correlations for D r or ψ can alter the estimate of S v in a manner dependent on the procedure or correlation employed.…”

“…Although Olaya and Bray (2022) collected data on the post-liquefaction response of plastic clayey soils, they did not include these soils in the model development because the amount of data at large strains was insufficient. Hence, this new database enabled the formulation of new models relating FS L , γ max , and ε v as a function of D r (and the state parameter ψ ) for non-plastic soils as shown in Equations 1 and 2 (Olaya and Bray 2022):…”

“…Olaya and Bray (2022) developed a comprehensive laboratory database of post-liquefaction volumetric strain measurements containing information on 10 clean sands, 2 gravelly soils, 3 silty sands, 5 silts, and 3 clayey soils to investigate the relationship between FS L , the earthquake-induced maximum shear strain ( γ max ), and the ε v for uniform non-plastic clean sand, silty sand, and silts. Although Olaya and Bray (2022) collected data on the post-liquefaction response of plastic clayey soils, they did not include these soils in the model development because the amount of data at large strains was insufficient. Hence, this new database enabled the formulation of new models relating FS L , γ max , and ε v as a function of D r (and the state parameter ψ ) for non-plastic soils as shown in Equations 1 and 2 (Olaya and Bray 2022):…”

“…Equations 1 and 2 do not capture the post-liquefaction response of well-graded soils, soils with crushable particles, and soil with significant plasticity (i.e. PI ø 12) due to the range of soil types on which they are based (Olaya and Bray, 2022). Also, these equations do not capture inertial shear-induced deformations or ejecta-induced settlement.…”

“…It is not clear if these relationships can be applied universally to all clean sands, silty sands, and silts. Olaya and Bray (2022) developed a comprehensive laboratory database of post-liquefaction volumetric strain measurements containing information on 10 clean sands, 2 gravelly soils, 3 silty sands, 5 silts, and 3 clayey soils to investigate the relationship between FS L , the earthquake-induced maximum shear strain ( γ max ), and the ε v for uniform non-plastic clean sand, silty sand, and silts. Although Olaya and Bray (2022) collected data on the post-liquefaction response of plastic clayey soils, they did not include these soils in the model development because the amount of data at large strains was insufficient.…”