Strain and violence: Testing a general strain theory model of community violence

Warner, Barbara D.; Fowler, Shannon K.

doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2003.08.006

Cited by 61 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Finally, disadvantaged communities are believed to be less capable of developing public control (Warner, 2007). Empirically, several studies revealed that lower SES/poverty led to lower informal social control (Elliott ,Wilson, Huisinga, Sampson, Elliot, & Rankin 1996;Morenoff et al, 2001;Sampson & Groves, 1989;Sampson & Raudenbush, 1999;Sampson et al, 1997;Warner, 2003aWarner, , 2007Warner & Fowler, 2003). In summary, reasons for the SES-informal control connection in the U.S. include mobility, racial/ethnic heterogeneity due to the limitations of people's choice, social ties, community cohesion, and trust.…”

Section: Social Economic Status (Ses)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of informal social control in Guangzhou, China neighborhoods

Jiang

Wang

Lambert

2010

Journal of Criminal Justice

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Section: Social Economic Status (Ses)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of informal social control in Guangzhou, China neighborhoods

Jiang

Wang

Lambert

2010

Journal of Criminal Justice

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“…Some studies have reported on the influence of violent communities on violent learning behaviors which manifest in later years of child's development into youthful stage [19,20]. Such exposure to violence at an early stage causes children growing into youthful phase to potentially become violent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seal et al [24] (cf. Warner and Fowler [20]) explain that some researchers like Le and colleagues [26], Leff et al [27], and Zimmerman and others have studied combined theory and practice to understand youth violence [28]. Yonas et al [29] have explored the utility of employing the strain theory in explaining youth violence at the community level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Youth Violence in Kumasi: Does Community Socialization Matter? A Cross-Sectional Study

Barnie

Nyarko

Dapaah

et al. 2017

Urban Studies Research

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Violence by young people is one of the most visible forms of social disorder in urban settlements. This study assesses the causes and consequences of youth violence in the Kumasi metropolis. The study design was a nonexperimental cross-sectional survey. A mixed method approach facilitated the random sampling of 71 young people in the Kumasi metropolis through a stratified procedure between December 2014 and November 2015. Ten (10) participants were purposively selected and enrolled in a focus group discussion. Descriptive statistics formed the basis for the analysis. This was supported with a matched discourse analysis of the emerging themes. More than half of the youth (39, 54.9%) demonstrated history of ever engaging in violence in the past one year of whom 24 (61.5%) were without formal education. The frequency of the violence perpetuation ranged from daily engagement (3, 4%) to weekly engagement in violence (12, 17%). Principally, the categories of youth violence were manifested in noise making, rape, murder, stealing, drug addiction, obscene gestures, robbery, sexual abuse, and embarrassment. Peer pressure and street survival coping approaches emerged as the pivotal factors that induced youth violence. Addressing youth violence requires an integrative framework that incorporates youth perspectives, government, chiefs, and nongovernmental organizations in Ghana, and religious bodies.

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“…For example, general strain theory (GST) has been expanded to a macro-level strain theory (MST), which contends that individual-level variations in crime/delinquency are highly related to neighborhood-level strain and negative affect [101][102][103]. Based on MST, we can hypothesize that if a social unit harbors a relatively stressful population, this elevates the likelihood that an adolescent immigrant in that social unit will interact with stressful people, experience more strain, and view delinquency as a proper mode of adaption to the stress of immigration.…”

Section: General Immigration-delinquency Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delinquency and Crime among Immigrant Youth—An Integrative Review of Theoretical Explanations

Chen

Zhong

2013

Laws

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Although classical theorists tend to believe that immigrant youth are more delinquent than native-born adolescents, the existing empirical studies have shown the opposite. The current paper first gives a comprehensive overview of major theoretical explanations for the relatively lower level of delinquency among immigrant youth, including cultural perspectives, strain theories, social control theory, social learning theory, and social disorganization theory. The main argument is that immigrant youth who have not yet acculturated to the youth subculture of the host society are more law-abiding due to protections from their traditional traits (i.e., being more realistic, stronger ties with family/schools, less access to delinquent friends, and higher level of collective efficacy in homogeneous neighborhoods). All these theories are also applied to explain the generational differences in terms of delinquency: compared to earlier generations, later generations of immigrant youth are often more delinquent because they are more acculturated and the protective factors from their origins wear off over time. The continuing public and political bias toward immigrant youth has been explained by social constructionists. We further discuss the necessity of a synthesis of these theoretical approaches and the importance to examine both internal and international migration under similar theoretical frameworks in the modern era.

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Strain and violence: Testing a general strain theory model of community violence

Cited by 61 publications

References 24 publications

Correlates of informal social control in Guangzhou, China neighborhoods

Correlates of informal social control in Guangzhou, China neighborhoods

Understanding Youth Violence in Kumasi: Does Community Socialization Matter? A Cross-Sectional Study

Delinquency and Crime among Immigrant Youth—An Integrative Review of Theoretical Explanations

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