Storm-time formation of a relativistic electron belt and some relevant phenomena in other magnetospheric plasma domains

Electron radiation belt dynamics during magnetic storms and in quiet time

“…The Akasofu index representing the effectiveness of the solar wind effect on Earth's magnetosphere contains the velocity A dawn-to-dusk large-scale convective electric field spins up the convective vortex in the magnetotail. This field penetrates both into the auroral magnetosphere and into the outer RB, thus allowing RB particles to be accelerated by the electric drift, which is well documented [Tverskaya et al, 2005;Califf et al, 2017;Millan, Baker, 2012;. Califf et al [2017] state that the E×B drift is effective up to 500 keV, whereas for high-energy electrons we have to take into account additional mechanisms.…”

“…A large number of papers analyze the RB dynamics during magnetic storms [Baker et al, 1997;Reeves et al, 1998;Yu et al, 2015;Hwang et al, 2015;; a lot of these studies have been carried out at SINP MSU [Vernov et al, 1965;Kuznetsov et al, 1966;Bakhareva, 2003;Ivanova et al, 2000;Kalegaev et al, 2015;Antonova, 2005;Lazutin, 2012;Kalegaev, Vlasova, 2014;Dmitriev et al, 2010Dmitriev et al, , 2014Slivka et al, 2006;Tverskaya et al, 2005;Vernov et al, 1969]. Accordingly, it seems appropriate to review current ideas about the RB dynamics.…”

Observation results of relativistic electrons detected by Fengyun-1 satellite and analysis of relativistic electron enhancement (REE) events

“…After studying the relationship between the REE events at the geosynchronous orbit and the geomagnetic storm, some researchers presented that there is a weak correlation between them, and the geomagnetic storm may occur with no associated REE event [6,8,13] . In this paper, we examine the relationship between the REE events at the low earth orbit and the geomagnetic storm using data from Fengyun-1.…”

“…Many discussions have been made for the REE events at the geosynchronous altitude, and some normal characteristics of these events have been known: the intensity of the flux drops in the main phase of the geomagnetic storm and increases in the recovery phase so that the resulting level may exceed the pre-storm one [8] . Reeves [6] examined the REE events between 1992 and 1995 to investigate the statistical correlation between the geomagnetic storm and the REE events at the geosynchronous altitude.…”

The interaction of geomagnetic pulsations with electrons and the implications of this wave-particle interaction on the energy and flow of relativistic electrons in the Van Allen radiation belts

“…The outer layers of the plasmasphere are believed to be stripped off during periods of geomagnetic activity, bringing the plasmapause to L-shells as low as 2. without regard to the local time dependence [66]. Interestingly, this L pp model resembles the L max model developed by Tverskaya et al (2003) in Equation 4.1 [64]. Moreover, it fits the L-shell-SYM-H dependence observed in the maximum Pc5 wave power.…”