Storage Batteries

Vinal, G. W.; Lander, J. J.

doi:10.1149/1.2429911

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The interested reader is referred to a number of texts that cover lead-acid battery technology. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Much of the recent literature addresses the twin goals of developing lead dioxide coatings that allow high current densities and efficiencies for particular electrode reactions and enhanced stability of the coating. Long term stability is always a critical issue when lead dioxide anodes are considered because corrosion of the coating must lead to contamination of the product/effluent with toxic lead(II).…”

Section: Derek Pletchermentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposited lead dioxide coatings

2011

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Lead dioxide coatings on inert substrates such as titanium and carbon now offer new opportunities for a material known for 150 years. It is now recognised that electrodeposition allows the preparation of stable coatings with different phase structures and a wide range of surface morphologies. In addition, substantial modification to the physical properties and catalytic activities of the coatings are possible through doping and the fabrication of nanostructured deposits or composites. In addition to applications as a cheap anode material in electrochemical technology, lead dioxide coatings provide unique possibilities for probing the dependence of catalytic activity on layer composition and structure (critical review, 256 references).

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Section: Derek Pletchermentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposited lead dioxide coatings

2011

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“…It is well known that the surface area of the Ball mill lead oxide is considerably larger than the lead oxide obtained from the Barton Pot process [1][2][3][4]. These differences can be seen in Table 2 for the 14 samples considered in this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…However, the commercial b-PbO had a very 4 Quantitative PXRD of the acid reaction product from commercial b-PbO that gave an acid reactivity of 100.9 mg g -1 oxide (LT method) small surface area when compared to the other two oxide types. These variations in surface area of the different oxides could be explained by the difference in particle size and by the manufacturing processes, where the Ball mill process produces a finer flatter plate like particle when compared to the Barton Pot oxide [1]. The normalized particle size distributions of the three lead oxide types are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measured results give an indication of the paste's preparation ability and can influence the quality of the cured plate and finally the formed electrode's characteristics. The test is described as a measure of the wetted surface of the oxide and gives an indication of the reactivity of the material with sulphuric acid [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The general method in literature for determining acid absorption is described by adding a known amount of manufactured lead oxide (usually 50 g) to a solution of sulphuric acid (100 mL 1.10 SG) at 25°C [1,2,4]. Heubach [3] specified the temperature of the analysis to be 32°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new look at determining acid absorption of lead oxide used in the manufacturing of Pb-acid batteries

Ferg

Phangalala

Dyl³

2009

J Appl Electrochem

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Acid absorption is a routine analytical method used in the manufacturing of lead oxide, that is, then further used to manufacture Pb-acid battery electrodes. This study had a new look at the definition of acid absorption being an indication of the acid reactivity of the oxide forming certain lead sulphate-related phases. Quantitative powder X-ray diffraction analysis of the acid reaction products showed there were significant differences in the phases formed that could be related to the amount of acid used in the acid absorption test. The study also showed that there were significant changes in the surface area of the oxides once they had reacted with the acid, where a traditionally slow reacting oxide such as b-PbO would show the greatest increase in material surface area once reacted with the acid. The accuracy of the method used by various laboratories was also studied by comparing the results obtained from two different methods and from three different laboratories. The results showed that there were significant differences between the reported values, and that one should with caution compare acid absorption numbers obtained from different laboratories.

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Temperaturabhängigkeit der Stromaufnahme beim Laden von Pb‐ bzw. PbO₂‐Akkumulatoren

Berndt¹

1966

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Der Wirkungsgrad der Stromaufnahme nach Laden bei verschiedenen Stromdichten und Temperaturen wurde an positiven und negativen Platten von Blei‐Akkumulatoren bestimmt, indem die entnehmbare Strommenge gemessen wurde. Es zeigte sich, daß der Wirkungsgrad der Ladereaktion mit sinkender Temperatur und steigender Stromdichte abnimmt, da ein immer größerer Teil des Ladestromes zur Sauerstoff‐ bzw. Wasserstoff‐Entwicklung verwendet wird. Dabei ist die negative Elektrode empfindlicher als die positive, sowohl gegen Temperaturerniedrigung als auch gegen Stromerhöhung. Der Wirkungsgrad der Ladereaktion sinkt nicht infolge einer Verschiebung der Gleichgewichtspotentiale ab, sondern auf Grund kinetischer Hemmungen.

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Storage Batteries

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Electrodeposited lead dioxide coatings

Electrodeposited lead dioxide coatings

A new look at determining acid absorption of lead oxide used in the manufacturing of Pb-acid batteries

Temperaturabhängigkeit der Stromaufnahme beim Laden von Pb‐ bzw. PbO₂‐Akkumulatoren

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Storage Batteries

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Electrodeposited lead dioxide coatings

Electrodeposited lead dioxide coatings

A new look at determining acid absorption of lead oxide used in the manufacturing of Pb-acid batteries

Temperaturabhängigkeit der Stromaufnahme beim Laden von Pb‐ bzw. PbO2‐Akkumulatoren

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Temperaturabhängigkeit der Stromaufnahme beim Laden von Pb‐ bzw. PbO₂‐Akkumulatoren