Stomatal and Chlorophyll Distribution of Cox's Orange Pippin Apple Flowers Relative to Other Cluster Parts

Vemmos, S.N.; Goldwin, G. K.

doi:10.1006/anbo.1993.1031

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…On sepals of nine orchid species 1 to 6 stomata mm -2 were assessed, whereas respective leaves were covered with 34-151 stomata mm -2 (Hew et al 1980). Higher maximum stomatal densities of about 200 stomata mm -2 are found on sepals of apple, while respective leaves have on average 270 stomata mm -2 (Vemmos and Goldwin 1993). In floral bracts of tropical orchids stomatal densities even are comparable to the green leaves (Antlfinger and Wendel 1997).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Chl a/b ratios about 2.6 were found in the re-greening sepals of H. niger (SalopekSondi et al 2000), too. The Chl a/b ratios of apple flower parts, petioles, and peduncles lay in the range 2.8-3.2 (Vemmos and Goldwin 1993). Chl a/b ratios in green Dendrobium plant parts (2.6-2.8) were generally higher than in developing flowers (sepals: 2.3-2.6; petals: 1.7-2.2; Khoo et al 1997).…”

Section: Pigment Contentmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Even in mature non-green corollas of Petunia Chl contents up to 40 % of the respective leaves could be found (Weiss et al 1988). The sepals of apple flowers contain more than half of the rosette leaf Chl (124-221 respectively 251-407 mg m -2 ; Vemmos and Goldwin 1993). The highest Chl a/b ratios were noted for the hellebore fruits (3.1), while the ratios of the remaining organs varied slightly between 2.5 and 2.7.…”

Section: Pigment Contentmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Photosynthetic performance of vegetative and reproductive structures of green hellebore (Helleborus viridis L. agg.)

Aschan¹,

Pfanz²,

Vodnik³

et al. 2005

Photosynt.

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Photosynthetic irradiance response of vegetative and reproductive structures of the green-flowered deciduous perennial green hellebore was studied by the comparative use of chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence techniques and gas exchange measurements. All the Chl-containing organs (leaves, sepals, stalks, and fruits) examined were photosynthetically active showing high intrinsic efficiencies of photosystem 2 (F v /F m : 0.75-0.79) after dark adaptation. Even in the smaller fertile and sterile parts of the flower (nectaries and anthers) a remarkable photosynthetic competence was detected. With increasing photon flux densities (PFD) electron transport rates, actual quantum yields, and photochemical quenching coefficients of the main photosynthetic organs decreased in the order: leaf>sepal>fruit>stalk. At moderate to high PFDs the sepals achieved maximum electron transport rates corresponding to about 80 % of concomitant mature leaves. In contrast, maximum net photosynthetic rate of the sepals [2.3 µmol(CO 2 ) m -2 s -1 ] were less than one fourth of the leaves [10.6 µmol(CO 2 ) m -2 s -1 ]. This difference is explained by a 70-80 % lower stomatal density of sepals in comparison to leaves. As the basal leaves emerge late during fruit development, the photosynthetically active sepals are a major source of assimilates, contributing more than 60 % of whole-plant CO 2 gain in early spring. The ripening dehiscent fruits are characterized by an effective internal re-fixation of the respirational carbon loss and thus additionally improve the overall carbon budget.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Pigment Contentmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Pigment Contentmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Photosynthetic performance of vegetative and reproductive structures of green hellebore (Helleborus viridis L. agg.)

Aschan¹,

Pfanz²,

Vodnik³

et al. 2005

Photosynt.

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“…A decrease in Chl b commonly reduces light harvesting and the relatively high values may reflect the exposed position of the flowers and bracts in the open garden habitat where the plant material was collected. Similar Chl a/b ratios (2.8-3.2) were assessed for different apple flower parts including peduncles (Vemmos and Goldwin, 1993). By Scepa´nkova´and Huda´k (2003) somewhat lower Chl a/b ratios about 2 were assessed in both Snowdrop leaves and tepals growing in a floodplain forest.…”

Section: Biomass and Chl Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis L.) tepals have green marks?

Aschan¹,

Pfanz²

2006

Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants

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“…Windt et al, 2009 ), the phloem in others ( Trolinder et al, 1993 ;Chapotin et al, 2003 ;Mingo et al, 2003 ;de la Barrera and Nobel, 2004 ), and a combination of the two in others, with the proportion changing between anthesis and fruit development ( Ho et al, 1987 ;van Ieperen et al, 2003 ). Furthermore, although the petals of some species have stomata ( Lipayeva, 1989 ;Galen et al, 1993 ;Vemmos and Goldwin, 1993 ;van Doorn, 1997 ), these stomata appear to be nonfunctional and, thus, do not contribute to the control of water loss ( Watson, 1962 ;Hew et al, 1980 ;van Doorn, 1997 ;Pati ñ o and Grace, 2002 ). By contrast, Feild et al (2009) show large diurnal variation in the stomatal conductance of Magnolia tepals.…”

Section: -Plant Water Status During Floweringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant water status and hydraulic conductance during flowering in the southern California coastal sage shrub Salvia mellifera (Lamiaceae)

Lambrecht

Santiago

DeVan

et al. 2011

American J of Botany

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•Premise of the Study: Plant water status during flowering is important for plant reproduction, but the physiology of floral water use is not well understood. We investigated plant water status in relation to leaf and floral physiology in naturally occurring individuals of a semiarid shrub, Salvia mellifera E. Greene.•Methods: We measured stomatal (gs) and corolla (gc) conductance to water vapor, transpiration from leaves (Eleaf) and corollas (Ecorolla), leaf‐specific hydraulic conductance (KH), bulk shoot water potential (Ψshoot), and shoot water content on irrigated and control plants to analyze whether water was limiting to leaf and floral water use.•Key Results: Experimental irrigation caused a 203% increase in soil moisture content, a 20% increase in predawn Ψshoot, a 29% increase in midday Ψshoot, and a 92% increase in KH. Floral and leaf gas exchange did not respond significantly to water addition, indicating that rates were at seasonal maxima and not limited by water availability. Total daily water use by corollas was ∼20% of total shoot water use. There were no significant differences in total daily shoot water use with water addition. Mean shoot water content (5.07 g) was close to mean daily shoot water use (6.71 g), indicating that the equivalent of total shoot water content turned over every 0.76 d.•Conclusions: These results demonstrate that although irrigation improved whole‐plant hydraulic conductance, gas exchange was not limited by water availability. Additionally, the high water use of flowers in this species might limit future flowering and reproductive success during dry years.

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Stomatal and Chlorophyll Distribution of Cox's Orange Pippin Apple Flowers Relative to Other Cluster Parts

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Photosynthetic performance of vegetative and reproductive structures of green hellebore (Helleborus viridis L. agg.)

Photosynthetic performance of vegetative and reproductive structures of green hellebore (Helleborus viridis L. agg.)

Why Snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis L.) tepals have green marks?

Plant water status and hydraulic conductance during flowering in the southern California coastal sage shrub Salvia mellifera (Lamiaceae)

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