Stocking density limits for post-smolt Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) with emphasis on production performance and welfare

Calabrese, Sara; Nilsen, Tom Ole; Kolarevic, Jelena; Ebbesson, Lars O.E.; Pedrosa, Carla; Fivelstad, Sveinung; Hosfeld, Anne-Camilla Diesen; Stefansson, Sigurd O.; Terjesen, Bendik Fyhn; Takle, Harald; Martins, Catarina I.M.; Sveier, Harald; Mathisen, Frode; Imsland, Albert K.; Handeland, Sigurd O.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.10.041

Cited by 52 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The blood was centrifuged and the plasma frozen at −80 C for later analysis of cortisol. Plasma cortisol levels were analyzed with a validated direct enzyme immunoassay (EIA) as outlined by Carey and McCormick (1998) and modified as described by Calabrese et al (2017).…”

Section: Blood Analysis and Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and welfare of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. post‐smolts in recirculating aquaculture systems: Importance of salinity and water velocity

Ytrestøyl

Takle

Kolarevic

et al. 2020

J World Aquaculture Soc

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Producing a larger post-smolt in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) could shorten the production time in sea cages and potentially reduce mortality. Knowledge of the biological requirements of post-smolts in closedcontainment systems is however lacking. In the present study, the effects of salinity and water velocity on growth, survival, health, and welfare of Atlantic salmon reared in RAS were examined. Salmon smolts were stocked in three separate RAS with salinities of 12, 22, and 32‰ and subjected to high (1.0 body lengths per s −1 ) or low (0.3 body lengths second −1 ) water velocity. Growth performance, survival, welfare, and physiological stress responses were monitored until the fish reached a bodyweight of around 450 g. Growth rate was higher at lower salinity and higher water velocity generally had a positive effect on growth in all salinities. Feed conversion ratio was lower at 12‰ compared to the 22 and 32‰ when the fish were between 250 and 450 g. Higher mortality, elevated plasma cortisol levels,

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Section: Blood Analysis and Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and welfare of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. post‐smolts in recirculating aquaculture systems: Importance of salinity and water velocity

Ytrestøyl

Takle

Kolarevic

et al. 2020

J World Aquaculture Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Fish welfare is an important issue in intensive aquaculture (Stubbe Solgaard & Yang, ). Rearing fish at high stocking densities may compromise fish welfare and decrease survival and growth rates (Ellis et al, ; Sirakov & Ivancheva, ; Stejskal et al, ; Stejskal, Policar, Křišťan, Kouřil, & Hamáčková, ; Yarahmadi, Miandare, Hoseinifar, Gheysvandi, & Akbarzadeh, ) and exacerbate fin erosion due to aggressive encounters, competition for food (Calabrese et al, ; Huntingford & Adams, ; Latremouille, ), water quality deterioration (Ellis et al, ) and bacterial infections (Ellis et al, ; Turnbull, Richards, & Robertson, ). Fin erosion also has an impact on consumer perception of farmed products at the fish market (Cooke, ; Wall, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fin damage and growth parameters relative to stocking density and feeding method in intensively cultured European perch (Perca fluviatilis L.)

Stejskal

Matoušek

Prokešová

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

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We evaluated the relationship of stocking density to survival, growth performance and fin condition of European perch Perca fluviatilis with hand feeding and self-feeders. Hand-fed perch (body weight 19.1 ± 5.1 g and total length 107 ± 9 mm) were reared at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 fish/L. Self-feeding perch (body weight 25.4 ± 3.9 g and total length 128 ± 7 mm) were reared at stocking densities of 0.6, 1.0 and 1.4 fish/L.Pond-reared perch served as a comparison group for fin damage assessment. We found no differences in survival rate among stocking densities with either feeding method. Hand-fed fish displayed the highest weight gain and SGR at stocking density of 0.5 fish/L. The self-feeding fish showed a non-linear association of weight gain with stocking density with the highest growth at 1.0 fish/L. Fin length was noticeably greater in pond-reared fish compared with RAS-reared fish regardless of feeding method. In both experiments, fin length relative to standard length showed a negative relationship with stocking density, with pectoral fins showing the greatest effect.Fin condition deteriorated with increasing stocking density, and growth was highest at 0.5 and 1.0 fish/L in hand-fed and self-feeding fish, respectively. K E Y W O R D Sfin erosion, intensive culture, Perca fluviatilis, self-feeders, stocking density, welfare

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“…; Calabrese et al . ). Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the impact of aquacultures on environmental, social and economic sustainability through innovative best management practices and consider animal welfare while prioritizing human demands for aquatic products (Bosma & Verdegem ; Lander et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Generation, characterization, perniciousness, removal and reutilization of solids in aquaculture water: a review from the whole process perspective

Bao

Zhu

Jin

et al. 2018

Reviews in Aquaculture

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The generation of solids by aquaculture activities has led to many problems in animal welfare, environmental quality, water treatment effects and public health, such as gill and intestinal damage, water eutrophication, system components blockages and antibiotics transfers through the food chain to human; thus, effective solid wastes management is very important. The purpose of this review is to summarize the sources, characterization methods, harmfulness, removal technologies and reutilization of solids in aquaculture water, including (i) different sources of solids, such as uneaten feed, feces and debris; (ii) solids characterization based on the general parameters, particle size distribution and chemical composition; (iii) the toxicity and detriment of solids to cultured species, the environment, aquaculture system components and human health; (iv) Solids removal, effluents solids thickening and source control techniques for better solids management; and (v) various methods for the reutilization of aquacultural solid wastes for resource value-adding. In addition to these five specific objectives, the merits and drawbacks of each method or technology and future research priorities are discussed. The present review provides an understanding of the role played by solids in aquaculture water and provides guidance for aquacultural solid wastes precision management, aquaculture practices and technological developments. Thus, solids management can be carried out based on this guidance to improve animal welfare and the stability of water treatment systems, reduce harm to the environment and public health, and enable the development of aquaculture in a sustainable way.

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Stocking density limits for post-smolt Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) with emphasis on production performance and welfare

Cited by 52 publications

References 60 publications

Performance and welfare of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. post‐smolts in recirculating aquaculture systems: Importance of salinity and water velocity

Performance and welfare of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. post‐smolts in recirculating aquaculture systems: Importance of salinity and water velocity

Fin damage and growth parameters relative to stocking density and feeding method in intensively cultured European perch (Perca fluviatilis L.)

Generation, characterization, perniciousness, removal and reutilization of solids in aquaculture water: a review from the whole process perspective

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