Stochastic versus Ray Tracing Wireless Channel Modeling for 5G and V2X Applications: Opportunities and Challenges

Tariq, Sulaiman Z.; Al‐Rizzo, Hussain M.; Hasan, Md. Nazmul; Kunju, Nijas; Abushamleh, Said

doi:10.5772/intechopen.101625

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, the presence of obstacles, reflections, and multipath fading can lead to channel estimation errors, which can be used by attackers to exploit the security of the communication network [157]. Similarly, V2X communication relies on wireless signals, which can be easily jammed or interfered with, leading to disruption or complete breakdown of the communication [158]. Attackers can use jamming or interference to prevent legitimate communication or to force the communication to take a less secure route [159].…”

Section: V2x Physical Layer Security In Thz Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Security of 6G-Enabled Vehicle-to-Everything Communication in Emerging Federated Learning and Blockchain Technologies

Kim,

Oh,

Yim

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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Sixth-generation (6G) communication is emerging as seamless and massive connecting of almost everything. Therefore, vehicles, being extensively linked with human mobility, require a technological pace for compatibility with the 6G era. 6G will also potentially revolutionize the Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication. However, this modernization will surface several security challenges in the complex heterogeneous architecture of V2X communication in 6G. Similarly, the expansion of V2X also introduces unconventional security risks and vulnerabilities. This paper aims to provide an overview of the security challenges and solutions for V2X communication in the upcoming 6G era to visualize the future of this research domain. This paper discusses the architecture and standards utilized in 6G enabled V2X communications and provisions a comprehensive analysis of V2X security in Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability, Authentication and Access Control (CIA 3 ) domains. Thereby, we analyze the impact of the emerging technological concepts of Blockchain and Federated Learning (FL) in 6G enabled V2X communication. Thereby, we suggest a Blockchain-enabled FL based generic security architecture for V2X communication in 6G networks. At the conclusive end, the review highlights key lessons learned and the future research directions in the domain of security of V2X communications in the 6G including; Privacy in 3D Fog Computing, Privacy in Augmented Reality, C. Secure Software Defined Networking (SDN), Physical Layer Security In THz Spectrum, SUMO (Simulation of Urban MObility) and Intrusion Detection using AI.

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Section: V2x Physical Layer Security In Thz Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Security of 6G-Enabled Vehicle-to-Everything Communication in Emerging Federated Learning and Blockchain Technologies

Kim,

Oh,

Yim

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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“…This characteristic parameter of the channel was studied for both cases SISO and MIMO systems. The analytical expression of the channel capacity can be described as 13 , 31 , 32 :…”

Section: Mimo Propagation Channels Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation and Analysis of Massive MIMO channels for 5G Mobile Networks

Kabaou

Zoghlami

Hafidhi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The main objective of this study was to study, analyze and address the channel behavior in a mobile radio transmission chain. One of the major challenges in telecommunications networks (5G) is to minimize the propagation attenuation and consequently guarantee good Quality of Services. With the increased demand in terms of throughput and etwork coverage, a rigorous characterization of channels is demanded. In this article, a new characterization method that uses an analytical modeling approach based on Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) channels is proposed. Definitely, the channel characterization and modeling for a MIMO system must take into account at the same level the spatial and temporal representations. In the spatial domain, the transmission channel characterization allows realistic and accurate modeling. In a MIMO context, this modeling is important since it gives a gain in throughput and, consequently, a good performance relatively to conventional and classical systems. Here, it is studied the behavior of these information carriers deploying the context of propagation environment as well as the effect of fading, diversity, multiplexing and multipath phenomenon. Hence, a specific study based on Rayleigh and Additive White Gaussian Noise channels is presented.

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Reduction of the received signal strength variation with distance using averaging over multiple heights and frequencies

Obeidat,

Al-Sadoon,

Zebiri

et al. 2024

Telecommun Syst

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As a simple and inexpensive channel characteristic, received signal strength (RSS) finds extensive usage in localization applications. However, the quick changes in signal strength impact the localization precision. By averaging over access points (APs) with multiple frequencies and/or heights, this article suggests a novel approach to lowering RSS fluctuation. Initially focused on the plane-earth loss model, the study was later extended to include a multipath indoor propagation scenario that was simulated. We used ray-tracing software to model the indoor propagation situation. This research takes into account the results of three distinct methods for averaging RSS: height averaging, frequency averaging, and hybrid frequency and height (FH) averaging, which combines the two. We discovered that the Height-only strategy considerably decreased the RSS variation with distance for both settings we looked at. Using the frequency-only method even further reduced the variation. Using the Hybrid FH technique greatly enhances the results. Root mean square error values of 4.427 dB, 3.70 dB, and 3.5 dB, respectively, are provided for the averaging approaches and the ideal scenario in which no variance occurs. Another finding is that averaging with APs that have double the height or frequency will not improve the RSS distance variation.

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Stochastic versus Ray Tracing Wireless Channel Modeling for 5G and V2X Applications: Opportunities and Challenges

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Security of 6G-Enabled Vehicle-to-Everything Communication in Emerging Federated Learning and Blockchain Technologies

Security of 6G-Enabled Vehicle-to-Everything Communication in Emerging Federated Learning and Blockchain Technologies

Performance Evaluation and Analysis of Massive MIMO channels for 5G Mobile Networks

Reduction of the received signal strength variation with distance using averaging over multiple heights and frequencies

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