Stochastic Model for the Production of Antibody-forming Cells

The number of antigen-reactive cells among human peripheral blood T lymphocytes was estimated by a limiting dilution analysis. Antigen-induced lymphocyte activation was measured by means of incorporation of tritiated thymidine [3H]dThd. We have studied the frequency of memory T cells for the bacterial antigens tuberculin PPD and tetanus toxoid in immune donors, as well as the frequency of alloantigen-reactive T cells. In 11 different donors, the observed frequencies of the antigen-reactive T cell ranged between 1:300 and 1:16 000 for PPD; for tetanus toxoid values, between 1:750 and 1:11 500 were obtained in 5 different donors. The frequency of alloantigen-reactive T cells was found to be higher: between 1:200 and 1:600 (n = 10). For 3 donors, the estimated frequencies proved to be reproducible over a period of several months. Finally, a correlation could be demonstrated between the frequency of PPD-reactive T cells and the [3H]dThd incorporation of 4 X 10(4) PPD-stimulated lymphocytes.

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“…By application of Poisson statistics, the frequency of the limiting cell type can be calculated [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of antigen‐reactive cells among human T lymphocytes

1978

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“…These biphasic curves closely resemble the hypothetical and experimental lymphoid cell dose-response curve presented by Groves et al [6,7]. Based on their stochastic model for the generation of antibody-forming cells, some theoretical consideration will be attempted here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Transition in the Character of Immunological Memory in Mice after Immunization

Takaoki

1976

Japanese Journal of Microbiology

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“…In fact, the possibility has been put forward (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)) that a focus represents the result of the interaction between one thymusderived antigen-reactive cell (ARC) and one or more bone marrow-derived cells; after this interaction the latter proliferate and differentiate into antibody-forming cells. This hypothesis has been implied mainly for the primary response, however it seems likely that the mechanism underlying the secondary response is basically similar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, these foci seem to provide the most suitable system for the study of the events involved in the initiation of immunological response. Up to now, many attempts have been made in order to elucidate the number and type of cells participating in the formation of the immunocompetent units and the mechanism of their interaction (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Moreover, the characterization of the product of the foci has been pursued, mostly from the point of view of the class of Ig produced (5,13,14).…”

Section: (From the Istituto DI Genetica Medica Universitg Di Torinomentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophoretically Homogeneous Antibody Synthesized by Spleen Foci of Irradiated Repopulated Mice

Luzzati

Tosi

Carbonara

1970

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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106 splenocytes from primed donors were injected, together with sheep erythrocytes (SRBC), into X-irradiated syngeneic mice. 8 days later the spleens were excised and cut into small fragments, keeping track of their location in the organ. Each fragment was cultured individually for 24 hr in the presence of 14C amino acids and the culture fluids were assayed for antibody activity. The antibody-producing fragments were found to be clustered in few restricted areas (foci) surrounded by negative tissue. The anti-SRBC antibody from single foci was purified by absorption on stroma followed by acid elution. Thereafter, it was subjected to electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis. The radioautography of the runs showed a considerable degree of homogeneity. Distinct and sharp spikes were localized in the beta and gamma region. The pattern of each focus is unique from the point of view of the number of spikes and their mobility. Eluates obtained from many pooled fragments gave a broad radioactive smear in beta-gamma region. Many foci synthesized antibody migrating as a single band. This homogeneous protein is probably the product of a clone of cells homogeneously differentiated. However, some foci producing two and probably more antibody bands were also encountered. Two interpretations of the finding can be given. Either more than one precursor may participate in the formation of a focus or a differentiation switch may occur during the clonal expansion.

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Stochastic Model for the Production of Antibody-forming Cells

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Quantification of antigen‐reactive cells among human T lymphocytes

Quantification of antigen‐reactive cells among human T lymphocytes

Transition in the Character of Immunological Memory in Mice after Immunization

Electrophoretically Homogeneous Antibody Synthesized by Spleen Foci of Irradiated Repopulated Mice

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