Stochastic discontinuum analysis of unreinforced masonry walls: Lateral capacity and performance assessments

Gönen, Semih; Pulatsu, Bora; Soyöz, Serdar; Erdogmus, Ece

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112175

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Block-based models represent the actual masonry texture since they are modelled following the unit-by-unit representation. They are computationally demanding and more appropriate for small models and localised analysis [34][35][36][37][38]. Continuum models consider masonry as a deformable continuum material and are suitable for the global modelling of complex geometries involving massive elements.…”

Section: Model Creation: Geometrical Model Generation and Computation...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, construction technology and masons' skills can influence local failure mechanisms and load-bearing capacity [24,[51][52][53][54]. However, accurately predicting the structural response and addressing all types of failure modes is challenging due to the masonry's inherently nonlinear and scattered material properties [38].…”

Section: Predictive Models For the Assessment Of The Structural Behav...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Use of the Digital Twin Concept for the Structural Integrity Protection of Architectural Heritage

2023

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Undoubtedly, heritage buildings serve as essential embodiments of the cultural richness and diversity of the world’s states, and their conservation is of the utmost importance. Specifically, the protection of the structural integrity of these buildings is highly relevant not only because of the buildings themselves but also because they often contain precious artworks, such as sculptures, paintings, and frescoes. When a disaster causes damage to heritage buildings, these artworks will likely be damaged, resulting in the loss of historical and artistic materials and an intangible loss of memory and identity for people. To preserve heritage buildings, state-of-the-art recommendations inspired by the Venice Charter of 1964 suggest real-time monitoring of the progressive damage of existing structures, avoiding massive interventions, and providing immediate action in the case of a disaster. The most up-to-date digital information and analysis technologies, such as digital twins, can be employed to fulfil this approach. The implementation of the digital twin paradigm can be crucial in developing a preventive approach for built cultural heritage conservation, considering its key features of continuous data exchange with the physical system and predictive analysis. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the digital twin concept in the architecture, engineering, construction, and operation (AECO) domain. It also critically discusses some applications within the context of preserving the structural integrity of architectural heritage, with a particular emphasis on masonry structures. Finally, a prototype of the digital twin paradigm for the preservation of heritage buildings’ structural integrity is proposed.

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Section: Model Creation: Geometrical Model Generation and Computation...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Predictive Models For the Assessment Of The Structural Behav...mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Use of the Digital Twin Concept for the Structural Integrity Protection of Architectural Heritage

2023

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“…[25][26][27] Concerning IP loads, adequate results were obtained by Miglietta et al 28 and Pulatsu et al, 29 taking as a reference, the quasi-static tests performed by Magenes et al 30 on a full-scale clay brick URM façade. Similarly, D'Altri et al, 31 Smoljanović et al, 32 and Gonen et al 33 simulated analogous prototypes and substructures. At the component level, acceptable agreement among measured OOP response and micro-modeling counterparts was found by various authors, including Bui et al, 34 Malomo et al, 35 and Abdulla et al 36 Limited examples of micro-modeling of earthquake-induced OOP failure of entire URM structural systems have also been presented recently, as discussed in Lourenço and Silva, 37 although either the dimensions 38 or level of detail 39 of the devised models were often purposely decreased to reduce computational expense, which may easily exceed 1 h for each second of simulation time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Macro‐Distinct Element Model (M‐DEM) for simulating in‐plane/out‐of‐plane interaction and combined failure mechanisms of unreinforced masonry structures

Malomo

DeJong

2021

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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In the seismic analysis of unreinforced masonry (URM) structures, the modeling of out-of-plane (OOP) modes and their mechanical interaction with in-plane (IP) loaded components are typically neglected when using simplified numerical methods. Although this may result in unconservative predictions, the high computational expense entailed by more refined approaches is often prohibitive for applied researchers and practitioners. To overcome these limitations, the demonstrated capabilities of a recently developed low-cost Macro-Distinct Element Model (M-DEM) to simulate IP and OOP modes are extended in this work towards the modeling of IP/OOP interaction and combined failure mechanisms of URM assemblies. In the M-DEM framework, shear and flexural damage are accounted for by zero-thickness interface spring layers, whose layout is determined a priori as a function of the masonry texture, while crushing failure is modeled through homogenized finite element macro-blocks. To adapt and validate this M-DEM scheme to model IP/OOP interaction, past experiments on full-scale C-, U-, and I-shaped URM specimens tested under quasi-static loading were simulated. The shake-table response of a full-scale C-shaped URM assembly with openings was also numerically simulated up to collapse, representing a major improvement over previous macro-element methods. After the comparison with experimental tests, a parametric investigation of the response of reference URM walls under combined IP/OOP actions was conducted, and the influence of previous IP damage on one-and two-way OOP bending capacity is quantified. This aspect, despite being widely identified as of relevant interest, has only been marginally investigated in previous research, both experimentally and numerically.

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“…In structural earthquake engineering, application of this method is currently limited to unreinforced masonry components 31,32 . Originally developed for solving geotechnical problems, 33 the DEM enables users to effectively predict tensile and shear cracking in concrete through interface spring failures, 34 while crushing is modeled using either contact interfaces 35 or continuum‐based 36 compression softening laws. There is limited previous research on RC simulation using the DEM, with previous efforts dating back more than 30 years ago 37 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new Distinct Element meso‐model for simulating the rocking‐dominated seismic response of RC columns

Scattarreggia

Malomo

DeJong

2022

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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The rocking-dominated seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) columns is a complex mechanism that entails P-Δ effects, concrete crushing and spalling, rupture and dislocation of steel bars and stirrups, as well as combined localized failures causing splitting and shear-flexure cracking. In this paper, we present a new meso-scale numerical modeling strategy for the detailed simulation of the rocking response of slender RC columns under seismic actions. This work advances the current state-of-the-art by exploring the unprecedented use of the Distinct Element Method (DEM), originally conceived for geotechnical studies and whose applicability in earthquake engineering has been primarily limited to the assessment of unreinforced masonry sub-structures. To decrease analysis time and enable the use of DEM for RC problems, concrete is herein idealized as an assembly of solid macro-block layers of size directly proportional to their distance from expected plastic hinges. These layers are connected by nonlinear interface springs to simulate tensile and shear cracking via a simplified Mohr-Coulomb criterion. Crushing of concrete in deformable blocks is modeled using the Feenstra and De Borst strain-softening linearized compression law, while confinement and combined failures are accounted for numerically through the explicit representation of longitudinal and transversal reinforcement bars, idealized as link elements. Previous experimental static and dynamic tests on full-scale RC column specimens and results from fiber-based Finite Element and sectional analysis models are used to evaluate DEM results and quantify the influence of key modeling parameters, including block number and deformability, as well as the amount of damping. The agreement between simulated failure modes and force and displacement capacities and their experimental counterparts demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach, while demonstrating the pros and cons of simplified numerical methods.

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Stochastic discontinuum analysis of unreinforced masonry walls: Lateral capacity and performance assessments

Cited by 27 publications

References 42 publications

On the Use of the Digital Twin Concept for the Structural Integrity Protection of Architectural Heritage

On the Use of the Digital Twin Concept for the Structural Integrity Protection of Architectural Heritage

A Macro‐Distinct Element Model (M‐DEM) for simulating in‐plane/out‐of‐plane interaction and combined failure mechanisms of unreinforced masonry structures

A new Distinct Element meso‐model for simulating the rocking‐dominated seismic response of RC columns

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