Stochastic Approach for Optimal Positioning of Pumps As Turbines (PATs)

Abstract

A generic water system consists of a series of works that allow the collection, conveyance, storage and finally the distribution of water in quantities and qualities such as to satisfy the needs of end users. In places characterized by high altitude differences between the intake works and inhabited centres, the potential energy of the water is very high. This energy is attributable to high pressures, which could compromise the functionality of the pipelines; it is therefore necessary to dissipate part of this energy. A common alternative to dissipation is the possibility of exploiting this energy by inserting a hydraulic turbine. The present study aims to evaluate the results obtained from a stochastic approach for the solution of the multi-objective optimization problem of PATs (Pumps As Turbines) in water systems. To this end, the Bayesian Monte Carlo optimisation method was chosen for the optimization of three objective functions relating to pressure, energy produced and plant costs. The case study chosen is the Net 3 literature network available in the EPANET software manual. The same problem was addressed using the NSGA-III (Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm) to allow comparison of the results, since the latter is more commonly used. The two methods have different peculiarities and therefore perform better in different contexts.

Multi-objective optimization of water distribution networks based on non-dominated sequencing genetic algorithm

“…When NSGA-II is faced with individuals of the same non-dominant rank, it preferentially selects individuals with larger crowding distance. On the other hand, NSGA-III selects individuals based on reference points and has better convergence and distribution in the face of multiple targets [ 21 ].…”

Fault Detection and Diagnosis Based on Unsupervised Machine Learning Methods: A Kaplan Turbine Case Study

“…The recent application of VLH hydropower turbines is in line with the development of new technologies and recent efforts to increase and make the operating range of hydraulic turbines more flexible, in addition to minimizing the environmental footprint of hydroelectricity. In this path, new concepts have been incorporated into the traditional use of hydroelectricity, such as variable speed hydropower generation, underwater and underground pumped-storage hydropower, and the use of pumps as turbines in water networks [20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Managing Apparent Loss and Real Loss from the Nexus Perspective Using System Dynamics

“…Lastly, all water utilities should preferentially set their sights on apparent loss (AL) caused by meter inaccuracies, data handling and billing errors, and unauthorized consumption (e.g., meter tampering and water theft) rather than real loss (RL), such as background leakage and pipe burst leakage [4]. The recovery of AL is possible with little effort at a relatively low cost, and will directly improve the water utility's financial position, especially at the beginning of an NRW reduction program [16]. However, it requires sustained management commitment, political will, and community support.…”