STM observation of HOPG surfaces irradiated with Ar cluster ions

Seki, Toshio; Kaneko, T.; Takeuchi, Daisuke; Aoki, Takaaki; Matsuo, Jiro; Insepov, Z.; Yamada, Isao

doi:10.1016/s0168-583x(96)00557-5

Cited by 61 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Regarding the stability of crater depth with energy and type of gas, this has been already shown, in both theory [2][3][4][5][6][7] and experiment, 21,22 and this data is not shown again in the present paper. Figure 9 shows the double-logarithmic linear dependence between the crater depth h and the hardness B where the total cluster ion energy is given as a parameter.…”

Section: Brinell Hardness and Binding Energymentioning

confidence: 41%

“…A crater depth of 22 Å was measured in Ref. 22 on a Au ͑100͒ surface bombarded with 150 keV Ar 3000 cluster ions, and the Brinell hardness of gold is found from the graph as 300 MPa which is within the error bar. 40 More crater data needs to be collected for materials with well known BHN values so that the slope of the line and the correlation constant could be determined more accurately.…”

Section: Brinell Hardness and Binding Energymentioning

confidence: 68%

“…͓This relation ceases to be valid for pressures above ϳ10 5 MPa, a very rare case for cluster ion impacts with total energies below 300 keV ͑this estimate for the maximum attainable pressure could be obtained from the energy conservation law as P max ϽE 0 /V cr , and use the crater radius ϳ100 Å from experiment 21,22 ͔͒. Figure 3 shows the 1 3 power dependence of the crater depth on the total cluster energy calculated by MD for impacts of Ar n (nϭ236, 370, 490, and 736͒, with energies of 6.4-19.9 keV.…”

Section: Crater Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The energy range suitable for crater formation experiments varies according to the nature of the cluster and the surface material but would typically be between 20 and 150 keV. 21,22 Hemispherical craters are formed, which exhibit a linear dependence of the crater volume on the total cluster energy.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To complete the discussion on crater formation, it should be also mentioned that the energetic heavy monomer ion can also form a crater on a surface with a probability of about 1%, 11 but the physics of crater formation is quite different than that of the cluster case. 21,22 Such craters, although rare, have occasionally been observed. 11…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proposal for a hardness measurement technique without indentor by gas-cluster-beam bombardment

et al. 2000

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Large gas-cluster-ion bombardment has been shown to be a unique tool for generating a variety of bombarding effects over a broad range of acceleration energies. A hardness measurement technique is proposed in this paper based on the use of the effect of crater formation by large gas-cluster beams. The cluster impact leaves a hemispherical crater on a surface, the size of which varies with surface hardness and cluster parameters ͑which can be predetermined͒. As shown in this paper, the crater depth h ͑or diameter d͒ and Brinell hardness B are correlated through the formula hϳ(E/B) 1/3 , where E is the cluster acceleration energy. The material hardness, binding energy, and the crater size have also been correlated with the sputtering yield Y, and hence this correlation can also be experimentally applied for measuring hardness. The proposed method is based entirely on surface effects which depend only on the surface material and not on the substrate and therefore should be particularly suitable for measuring hardness of thin deposited films. This technique also eliminates the need for indentors that are harder than the material measured.

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Section: Brinell Hardness and Binding Energymentioning

confidence: 41%

Section: Brinell Hardness and Binding Energymentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Crater Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proposal for a hardness measurement technique without indentor by gas-cluster-beam bombardment

et al. 2000

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Low‐energy irradiation effects of gas cluster ion beams

Houzumi

Takeshima

Mochiji

et al. 2008

Elect Comm in Japan

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SUMMARYA cluster-ion irradiation system with cluster-size selection has been developed to study the effects of the cluster size for surface processes using cluster ions. A permanent magnet with a magnetic field of 1.2 T is installed for size separation of large cluster ions. Trace formations at HOPG surface by the irradiation with size-selected Ar-cluster ions under an acceleration energy of 30 keV were investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy. Generation behavior of the craterlike traces is strongly affected by the number of constituent atoms (cluster size) of the irradiating cluster ion. When the incident cluster ion is composed of 100 to 3000 atoms, craterlike traces are observed on the irradiated surfaces. In contrast, such traces are not observed at all with the irradiation of the cluster ions composed of over 5000 atoms. Such behavior is discussed on the basis of the kinetic energy per constituent atom of the cluster ion. To study GCIB irradiation effects on macromolecules, GCIB was irradiated on DNA molecules absorbed on graphite surface. Using GCIB irradiation, many more DNA molecules were sputtered away compared with the monomer-ion irradiation.

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Collision of Clusters with Surfaces: Deposition, Surface Modification and Scattering

Harbich¹

2000

Metal Clusters at Surfaces

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STM observation of HOPG surfaces irradiated with Ar cluster ions

Cited by 61 publications

References 9 publications

Proposal for a hardness measurement technique without indentor by gas-cluster-beam bombardment

Proposal for a hardness measurement technique without indentor by gas-cluster-beam bombardment

Low‐energy irradiation effects of gas cluster ion beams

Collision of Clusters with Surfaces: Deposition, Surface Modification and Scattering

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