Stimulus determinants of dynamic visual acuity: I. Background and exploratory data.

Dynamic visual acuity: Normative functions and practical implications

“…To obtain a representative range of DVA performance, we exposed subjects to three levels of target angular velocity (60°, 90°, and 120°per sec), two levels of target duration (250 and 400 msec), and two levels of target luminance (35 and 160 cd/m'). The three levels of target velocity bracket the typical velocities employed in this type of work (e.g ., Goodson & Morrison , 1980). The longer duration (400 msec) matches that used in previous work; this duration theoretically permits both an initial saccade and a subsequent smooth-pursuit eye movement (Miller & Ludvigh, 1962).…”

“…The practical utility ofDVA assessment is underscored by reference to two basic findings. First , individuals possessing identical static visual acuity as traditionally measured by standard eye charts (e.g ., Snellen letters or Landolt C targets) can vary considerably among themselves on a DVA task (e.g ., Goodson & Morrison, 1980;Ludvigh & Miller, 1958). In other words, a person's ability to resolve high-speed targets is not predictable from his/her static acuity (e.g., Fergenson & Suzansky, 1973).…”

Stimulus determinants of dynamic visual acuity: III. Effects of proximal borders and limited surround.

“…Previous experiments have demonstratea that DVA performance may be degraded by limiting the size of the illuminated area surrounding the acuity target (9) and have suggested that the magnitude of this effect is related roughly to the extent to which the illuminated surround is restricted along the dimension of target movement (2). It was suggested in the introduction of this paper that the opposite effect may result when a dark border is placed around the acuity target in an extended field.…”

“…Larqe individual differences in DVA are observed among subjects whose static visual acuities are similar (1, 2,7,8), and the relative performance among subjects at low target velocities may be reversed at higher velocities (7).…”

“…It is thought that the DVA function reflects cheracteristics of the visual and oculomotor systems which are of critical importance in the performance of operational aviation missions, and that the assessment of DVA abilities of naval aviation personnel will be of value for both diagnostic and predictive purposes (2). However, techniques…”