Stimulative Effects of Saponin from Kikyo-to, a Japanese Herbal Medicine, on Pancreatic Exocrine Secretion of Conscious Rats

Arai, Ichiro; Komatsu, Yasuhiro; Hirai, Yasuaki; Shingu, Kazushi; Ida, Yoshiteru; Yamaura, Hisashi; Yamamoto, Toshinori; Kuroiwa, Yukio; Sasaki, Kenji; Taguchi, Susumu

doi:10.1055/s-2006-957725

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It has been reported that PD has some pharmacological effects, for example, it has been found that PD inhibited prostaglandin E 2 production and stimulated pancreatic exocrine secretion in rats (Arai et al, 1997;Kim et al, 2001). Furthermore, our group found that intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Antinociceptive Profiles of Platycodin D in the Mouse

Choi

Han

Lee³

et al. 2004

Am. J. Chin. Med.

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Platycodin D (PD), one of several triterpene saponins, was isolated from roots of Platycodon grandiflorum. We previously reported that intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of PD showed an antinociceptive effect as measured by the tail-flick assay. However, its exact role in the regulation of antinociception in the various types of pain models has not yet been characterized. Thus, we attempted to find antinociceptive profiles of PD in various pain models. PD administered intraperitoneally (i.p.), i.c.v. or intrathecally (i.t.) showed antinociceptive effects in dose-dependent manners as measured by the tail-flick, writhing and formalin tests. In the tail-flick test, PD at the low doses reached the peak after 15 minutes and returned to the control level after 60 minutes. However, higher doses of PD showed a strong antinociception at least for 1 hour. PD administered i.t. showed stronger antinociception than that induced by i.c.v. administration PD in both tail-flick and writhing tests. In the formalin test, PD administered i.p., i.c.v. or i.t. showed antinociceptive effects during both the first (direct nociceptive stimulation) and second (late inflammatory) phases. Pretreatment with naltrexone i.p., i.c.v. or i.t. did not affect PD-induced inhibition of the tail-flick response. Our results suggest that PD shows a strong antinociceptive effect on the tail-flick, writhing and formalin tests, acting on central nervous system. However, PD-induced antinociception may not be mediated by the opioid receptors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Antinociceptive Profiles of Platycodin D in the Mouse

Choi

Han

Lee³

et al. 2004

Am. J. Chin. Med.

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“…It has been reported that Platycodon grandiflorum extract ameliorated obesity in mice fed a high fiber diet and increased glucose uptake in L6 muscle cells by modifying adipokines, which indicates clinical benefits of platycodon as a supplement to treat obesity and diabetes (30). It has also been indicated that platycodins promote pancreatic exocrine activity and improve the function of the pancreas by promoting the release of cholecystokinin (31). Platycodins significantly reduced cholesterol (32) and postprandial glucose concentration by increasing insulin and glucose transporter protein-4 expression levels in the plasma of obese and lean Zucker rats (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of platycodins on liver complications of type 2 diabetes

Luan

Yang

Liu

et al. 2014

Molecular Medicine Reports

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The aim of the current study was to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of platycodin in liver complications of type 2 diabetes. All rats were randomly divided into two groups: The control group (normal diet) and the model group (a high‑fat and high‑sugar diet). The model group was injected with 2% streptozocin (25 mg/kg body weight) through the tail vein following 4 weeks of dieting. After a total of 8 weeks of dieting, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and liver function were examined. The high‑fat and high‑sugar diet was continued in the successful model rats, which were randomly divided into four groups and treated with the following doses of platycodins: The untreated, and 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight/day groups. Platycodins treatment lasted for 12 weeks. Platycodins treatment at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight/day reduced the FBG, glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), low‑density lipoprotein (LDL) and liver index levels compared with the untreated group (P<0.05), while the high‑density lipoprotein levels increased (P<0.05). Furthermore, FBG, GPT, TC and LDL levels were returned to the normal level. This dose also increased the expression of BMP‑9 mRNA and BMP‑9 protein, and reduced the expression of Smad‑4 mRNA and Smad‑4 protein. These findings indicate that platycodins can rectify disorders of blood glucose and lipid metabolism, improve liver index and protect liver function in liver complications of type 2 diabetes. The current study suggests that this therapeutic effect is mediated through the BMP‑9/Smad‑4 pathway.

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“…7 Recent reports indicate that KKT alleviates inflammatory pain caused by upper respiratory tract infection. 8 The hypothesis of the current study was that preoperative oral administration of KKT may alleviate POST and/or nausea after general anesthesia. On the basis of this hypothesis, a prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled study was conducted, with the primary objective of determining the efficacy of KKT to reduce POST.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%