Stimulation of monolayer networks in culture through thin-film indium-tin oxide recording electrodes

Gross, Guenter W.; Rhoades, Barry K.; Reust, Daryl L.; Schwalm, Fritz U.

doi:10.1016/0165-0270(93)90001-8

Cited by 121 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In addition, electrical stimulation through such arrays has been reported in a wide variety of preparations, such as murine spinal cord (Gross et al 1993), rat cortex (Jimbo et al 1999), cat sciatic nerve (Branner and Normann 2000) and rabbit retina (Grumet et al 2000). Simultaneously stimulating and recording through a single MEA is attractive for the study of input-output relationships (Novak and Wheeler 1988;DeAngelis et al 1998), but poses technical difficulties because the stimuli employed are often four or five orders of magnitude greater than extracellularly recorded action potentials ('spikes').…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time multi-channel stimulus artifact suppression by local curve fitting

Wagenaar

Potter

2002

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

212

179

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We describe an algorithm for suppression of stimulation artifacts in extracellular micro-electrode array (MEA) recordings. A model of the artifact based on locally fitted cubic polynomials is subtracted from the recording, yielding a flat baseline amenable to spike detection by voltage thresholding. The algorithm, SALPA, reduces the period after stimulation during which action potentials cannot be detected by an order of magnitude, to less than 2 ms. Our implementation is fast enough to process 60-channel data sampled at 25 kHz in real-time on an inexpensive desktop PC. It performs well on a wide range of artifact shapes without re-tuning any parameters, because it accounts for amplifier saturation explicitly and uses a statistic to verify successful artifact suppression immediately after the amplifiers become operational. We demonstrate the algorithm's effectiveness on recordings from dense monolayer cultures of cortical neurons obtained from rat embryos. SALPA opens up a previously inaccessible window for studying transient neural oscillations and precisely timed dynamics in short-latency responses to electric stimulation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time multi-channel stimulus artifact suppression by local curve fitting

Wagenaar

Potter

2002

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

212

179

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“…The most prominent feature of the electrical activity of highdensity dissociated cortical cultures is their propensity for synchronized bursting (Murphy et al, 1992;Gross et al, 1993;Wong et al, 1993;Kamioka et al, 1996;Canepari et al, 1997;Voigt et al, 1997;Gross and Kowalski, 1999). The cells in these cultures (see photographs in supplemental Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling Bursting in Cortical Cultures with Closed-Loop Multi-Electrode Stimulation

Wagenaar¹,

Madhavan²,

Pine³

et al. 2005

J. Neurosci.

395

349

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One of the major modes of activity of high-density cultures of dissociated neurons is globally synchronized bursting. Unlike in vivo, neuronal ensembles in culture maintain activity patterns dominated by global bursts for the lifetime of the culture (up to 2 years). We hypothesize that persistence of bursting is caused by a lack of input from other brain areas. To study this hypothesis, we grew small but dense monolayer cultures of cortical neurons and glia from rat embryos on multi-electrode arrays and used electrical stimulation to substitute for afferents. We quantified the burstiness of the firing of the cultures in spontaneous activity and during several stimulation protocols. Although slow stimulation through individual electrodes increased burstiness as a result of burst entrainment, rapid stimulation reduced burstiness. Distributing stimuli across several electrodes, as well as continuously fine-tuning stimulus strength with closed-loop feedback, greatly enhanced burst control. We conclude that externally applied electrical stimulation can substitute for natural inputs to cortical neuronal ensembles in transforming burst-dominated activity to dispersed spiking, more reminiscent of the awake cortex in vivo. This nonpharmacological method of controlling bursts will be a critical tool for exploring the information processing capacities of neuronal ensembles in vitro and has potential applications for the treatment of epilepsy.

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“…Neuronal networks produced in cell cultures provide tremendous potential for investigation of synapse formation, development, and function (Gross et al, 1977;Gross et al, 1979;Pine et al, 1980;Grattarola et al, 1993;Gross et al, 1993;Potter et al, 2001;Corner et al, 2002;Marom et al, 2002;van Pelt et al, 2004;Gramowski et al, 2005). Planar microelectrode arrays (MEAs) provide a means for long-term, simultaneous recording of electrical activities from neural networks (Jimbo et al, 1992;James at al., 2004;Chang et al, 2001;Maher et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-density neuronal networks cultured using patterned poly-l-lysine on microelectrode arrays

Jun

Hynd

Dowell-Mesfin

et al. 2007

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

101

100

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Synaptic activity recorded from low-density networks of cultured rat hippocampal neurons was monitored using microelectrode arrays (MEAs). Neuronal networks were patterned with poly-Llysine (PLL) using microcontact printing (µCP). Polydimethysiloxane (PDMS) stamps were fabricated with relief structures resulting in patterns of 2 µm-wide lines for directing process growth and 20 µm-diameter circles for cell soma attachment. These circles were aligned to electrode sites. Different densities of neurons were plated in order to assess the minimal neuron density required for development of an active network. Spontaneous activity was observed at 10-14 days in networks using neuron densities as low as 200 cells/mm 2 . Immunocytochemistry demonstrated the distribution of dendrites along the lines and the location of foci of the presynaptic protein, synaptophysin, on neuron somas and dendrites. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that single fluorescent tracks contained multiple processes. Evoked responses of selected portions of the networks were produced by stimulation of specific electrode sites. In addition, the neuronal excitability of the network was increased by the bath application of high K + (10-12 mM). Application of DNQX, an AMPA antagonist, blocked all spontaneous activity, suggesting that the activity is excitatory and mediated through glutamate receptors.

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Stimulation of monolayer networks in culture through thin-film indium-tin oxide recording electrodes

Cited by 121 publications

References 18 publications

Real-time multi-channel stimulus artifact suppression by local curve fitting

Real-time multi-channel stimulus artifact suppression by local curve fitting

Controlling Bursting in Cortical Cultures with Closed-Loop Multi-Electrode Stimulation

Low-density neuronal networks cultured using patterned poly-l-lysine on microelectrode arrays

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