Stimulation of humoral antibody formation by polyanions. I. The effect of polyacrylic acid on the primary immune response in mice immunized with sheep red blood cells

Abstract

The effect of a polyanion, polyacrylic acid, on the primary immune response in mice inoculated with sheep red blood cells was investigated. Polyacrylic acid caused early appearence and enhancement of 19 S and 7 S plaque‐forming cell response in mice from 48 h to 10 days after antigen inoculation. Hemolytic antibody titers confirm these results. The degree of the stimulation of the immune response by PAAC was dependent on the antigen and PAAC doses and their routes of administration. The polyanion also increased the background of 19 S plaque‐forming cells in nonimmunized mice and the serum γ‐globulin levels. The effects of polyacrylic acid and the effects caused by natural or synthetic polynucleotides and pyrancopolymer on immune response suggest that the polyanionic structure common to these substances may be responsible for their stimulating activity.

Specific binding of poly(I) · poly(C) to the membrane of murine B lymphocyte subsets

“…Rabbit-anti-poly (1) .poly(C) serum (RaI .C) was purchased from Miles Labs., Xankakee, IL, code No. 64-502, lot No.…”

“…Aliquots (0.2 ml) of either spleen cell or thymocyte suspensions derived from various strains of mice (2 x 106/ml culture medium),were placed in microtiter plates and incubated (48 h, 5 % COz) with 50 pg/ml LPS (lipopolysaccharide, E. coli 055:B5, Difco, Detroit, MI) or various amounts of poly (1) .poly (C). 0.2 pCi/culture t ritium-labeled t hymidine ([3H]dThd, spec.…”

“…poly (1) .poly(C)) enhance humoral immune responses in vivo [ 1,21. They are mitogenic for murine splenic B lymphocytes but not T lymphocytes [3-51.…”

“…They are mitogenic for murine splenic B lymphocytes but not T lymphocytes [3-51. Since binding of mitogens t o the appropriate receptors o n the cell surface is a prerequisite for induction of lymphocyte activation [6], the simplest explanation for selectivity of poly (1) .poly(C) action would b e the presence of such receptors on B but not o n T lymphocytes. The aim of this report was t o elaborate methods for detection of such postulated poly(I).poly(C) receptors on lymphocytes.…”

Synthesis and characterization of antigenic influenza A M2e protein peptide-poly(acrylic) acid bioconjugate and determination of toxicityin vitro

“…Muir et al indicated that PAA has adjuvant effects on humoral and cell-mediated immunity. [9][10][11] Different researchers have shown the adjuvant effect of PAA in several types of infection. A recent study has reported the development of the immunogenic lipophosphoglycan molecule isolated from Leishmania parasites conjugated with PAA.…”