Stimulation affecting latex physiology and yield under low frequency tapping of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) clone RRIM 600 in southern Thailand

Abstract

Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:Land and labor productivity, good agricultural practices in rubber tree cultivation View project Metabolism and carbon allocation : Sink-source relationship at tree scale in relation with the latex Tapping and ethylene stimulation induces the dynamic change of latex cell metabolism. Those changes under the implement of low frequency tapping systems with ethylene stimulation were investigated during the both periods (low yield and the high yield) of the year of production. The experiment was established at Thepa Research Station, Songkhla province by using 9-year-old rubber trees (clone RRIM 600). An experiment was arranged as One Tree Plot design, there were five treatments following T1: S/3 d1 2d/3, T2: S/2 d2, T3: S/2 d3 ET 2.5% Pa1(1) 8/y (m), T4: S/3 d2 ET 2.5% Pa1(1) 4/y (m) and T5: S/3 d3 ET 2.5% Pa1(1) 12/y (m). There were three replicates in each treatment. It was found that ethylene stimulation affected the responses of initial flow rate (IFR), plugging index (PI), average latex yield (AY) and sucrose content (Suc). There was a significant difference among the treatments in the both periods. After ethylene stimulation, IFR of the T3 and T5 were superior in the low yield period and showed inferior in the high yield period compared with the T1. PI rapidly decreased in the ethylene application treatments in the both periods. AY of the T3 was the highest in the low yield period and AY of the ethylene stimulation treatments was higher than non-stimulated treatments in the high yield period. Suc of the T3 only increased on the first tapping day after stimulation in the both periods. Expression to the ethylene stimulation in the low yield period was higher than the high yield period. It was remarkable that the stimulation was effecti vely expressed during a full canopy stage. With the positive impact of stimulation on latex physiological parameters, latex yield under low frequency tapping could be compensated by ethylene application.

Analysis of reduced and oxidized antioxidants in Hevea brasiliensis latex reveals new insights into the regulation of antioxidants in response to harvesting stress and tapping panel dryness

“…Interestingly, several studies showed a drop in RSH after long-term effect of high ethephon stimulation frequency (HSF) ( Lacote et al., 2010 ; Traore et al., 2011 ; Dian et al., 2016a ; Dian et al., 2017 ) and high tapping frequency (HTF) ( Obouayeba et al. 2009 ), although in other study was stable ( Sainoi et al., 2017a , Sainoi et al., 2017b ). In long-term observation, RSH was generally lower for high-stress treatment than lower stress counterpart and was accompanied by low Suc and Pi.…”

“…For some rubber clones, tapping is combined with ethephon stimulation to increase latex yield. Several studies revealed that this combination modifies laticifer metabolic activities and latex flow ( Silpi et al., 2006 ; Wei et al., 2015 ; Sainoi et al., 2017a , Sainoi et al., 2017b ). However, over-tapping and over-stimulation lead to tapping panel dryness (TPD) occurrence, a physiological syndrome hampering latex flow ( Bealing and Chua, 1972 ; Senevirathna and Nugawela, 2009 ; Putranto et al., 2015 ; Samuel et al., 2021 ).…”

KAJIAN STIMULAN ETEFON ANTIOKSIDAN KONSENTRASI RENDAH TERHADAP PRODUKSI KARET (Hevea brasiliensis) SAAT GUGUR DAUN SEKUNDER

“…Hal ini dikarenakan tanaman saat pengamatan masih tergolong puncak produksi di wilayah Sumatera Utara yang umumnya terdapat pada Semester II. Hasil penelitian Sainoi et al, (2017) saat produksi rendah selama sembilan tahun dengan kondisi normal menyatakan bahwa rata-rata produksi 17,96 g/p/s tanpa stimulan dan 43,13 g/p/s dengan stimulan konsentrasi 2,5% pada kondisi tanaman tidak terserang penyakit gugur daun sekunder. Penelitian tersebut menandakan bahwa selama perdaunan normal, tanaman karet akan responsif terhadap stimulan dengan konsentrasi 2,5% dibandingkan tidak diaplikasikan stimulan etefon.…”

A Meta-Analysis of Latex Physiology Studies Reveals Limited Adoption and Difficulties to Interpret Some Latex Diagnosis Parameters in Hevea brasiliensis

“…The number of publications remained high after 2013, even reached a peak in 2015-2017 (Supplementary data 2). The experiments of low-frequency tapping accompanied by stimulation modification, for example, the works by Sainoi et al (2017), Atsin et al (2014), andPhearun et al (2019), contributed to a significant report on LD application. These typical studies might be a response to the low natural rubber price in order to reduce the tapping cost.…”