Stimulating effect of thyroid hormones in peripheral nerve regeneration: research history and future direction toward clinical therapy

Barakat‐Walter, Ibtissam; Kraftsik, Rudolf

doi:10.4103/1673-5374.230274

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…Thyroid hormone has been implicated in the regeneration of a variety of physiological structures, including appendages, heart, and nerves. The role of thyroid hormone in regeneration of peripheral nerves was recently reviewed extensively 65 and will not be discussed here. However, it is important to consider this relationship as a possible explanatory mechanism in studies linking thyroid hormone to complex tissue regeneration.…”

Section: Internal Cuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-species analysis of systemic mediators of repair and complex tissue regeneration

2021

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Regeneration is an elegant and complex process informed by both local and long-range signals. Many current studies on regeneration are largely limited to investigations of local modulators within a canonical cohort of model organisms. Enhanced genetic tools increasingly enable precise temporal and spatial perturbations within these model regenerators, and these have primarily been applied to cells within the local injury site. Meanwhile, many aspects of broader spatial regulators of regeneration have not yet been examined with the same level of scrutiny. Recent studies have shed important insight into the significant effects of environmental cues and circulating factors on the regenerative process. These observations highlight that consideration of more systemic and possibly more broadly acting cues will also be critical to fully understand complex tissue regeneration. In this review, we explore the ways in which systemic cues and circulating factors affect the initiation of regeneration, the regenerative process, and its outcome. As this is a broad topic, we conceptually divide the factors based on their initial input as either external cues (for example, starvation and light/dark cycle) or internal cues (for example, hormones); however, all of these inputs ultimately lead to internal responses. We consider studies performed in a diverse set of organisms, including vertebrates and invertebrates. Through analysis of systemic mediators of regeneration, we argue that increased investigation of these “systemic factors” could reveal novel insights that may pave the way for a diverse set of therapeutic avenues.

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Section: Internal Cuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-species analysis of systemic mediators of repair and complex tissue regeneration

2021

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“…Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating glia in the CNS (6,10,11). Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are established during pre-and perinatal development (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Difference in Myelination in Monocarboxylate Transporter 8 Deficiency: Case Reports and Literature Review of Cases in Japan

et al. 2021

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Background: Monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) is a thyroid hormone transmembrane transporter protein. MCT8 deficiency induces severe X-linked psychomotor retardation. Previous reports have documented delayed myelination in the central white matter (WM) in these patients; however, the regional pattern of myelination has not been fully elucidated. Here, we describe the regional evaluation of myelination in four patients with MCT8 deficiency. We also reviewed the myelination status of previously reported Japanese patients with MCT8 deficiency based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Case Reports: Four patients were genetically diagnosed with MCT8 deficiency at the age of 4–9 months. In infancy, MRI signal of myelination was observed mainly in the cerebellar WM, posterior limb of internal capsule, and the optic radiation. There was progression of myelination with increase in age.Discussion: We identified 36 patients with MCT8 deficiency from 25 families reported from Japan. The available MRI images were obtained at the age of <2 years in 13 patients, between 2 and 4 years in six patients, between 4 and 6 years in three patients, and at ≥6 years in eight patients. Cerebellar WM, posterior limb of internal capsule, and optic radiation showed MRI signal of myelination by the age of 2 years, followed by centrum semiovale and corpus callosum by the age of 4 years. Most regions except for deep anterior WM showed MRI signal of myelination at the age of 6 years.Conclusion: The sequential pattern of myelination in patients with MCT8 deficiency was largely similar to that in normal children; however, delayed myelination of the deep anterior WM was a remarkable finding. Further studies are required to characterize the imaging features of patients with MCT8 deficiency.

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“…Peripheral nerve (PN) injuries significantly affect sensory and motor function. Repair and regeneration of the damaged PN is important to improve the patient's life quality [1]. Although the peripheral nervous system can regenerate, PN repair is a challenging issue in clinics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the peripheral nervous system can regenerate, PN repair is a challenging issue in clinics. In particular, factors such as delayed treatment, severe damage, and defects Larger than 3 cm in size hinder structural and functional recovery [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The progress of biomaterials in peripheral nerve repair and regeneration

Wang

Zhang²,

et al. 2020

Journal of Neurorestoratology

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Repair and regeneration of the injured peripheral nerve (PN) is a challenging issue in clinics. Although the regeneration outcome of large PN defects is currently unsatisfactory, recently, the study of PN repair has considerably progressed. In particular, biomaterials for repairing PNs, such as nerve guidance conduits and nerve repair membranes, have been well developed. Herein, we summarize the anatomy of the PN, the pathophysiological features of the nerve injury, and the repair process post injury. Then, we highlight the progress in the development of natural and synthetic biomaterials and summarize the applications, advantages, and disadvantages of these materials. These materials can be used as nerve repair membranes and nerve conduits in the field of PN repair. Finally, we discuss the challenges encountered and development strategies for PN repair in the future.

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Stimulating effect of thyroid hormones in peripheral nerve regeneration: research history and future direction toward clinical therapy

Cited by 24 publications

References 150 publications

A cross-species analysis of systemic mediators of repair and complex tissue regeneration

A cross-species analysis of systemic mediators of repair and complex tissue regeneration

Regional Difference in Myelination in Monocarboxylate Transporter 8 Deficiency: Case Reports and Literature Review of Cases in Japan

The progress of biomaterials in peripheral nerve repair and regeneration

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