Abstract:When it is safe to do so, medical professionals should not delay the treatment of patients who present with respiratory difficulties. Stigmatization of such patients can result in the unnecessary deferral of emergency therapy; this may lead to fatalities that could have been avoided.
“… Phelan et al (2008) consider that stigmatization is configured as a mechanism of exploitation or domination, social control, or disease avoidance. Therefore, the fear of infection by coronavirus disease (COVID-19) explains the discrimination related to the pandemic ( Cassiani-Miranda et al, 2020 ), the negative attitude towards people of Asian origin due to the supposed origin of the virus ( Trammell et al, 2021 ; Wen et al, 2020 ) and towards symptomatic people suspected of or diagnosed with COVID-19 ( Nuckchady, 2021 ). In the same way, the fear of COVID-19 promoted violent actions towards health workers due to the employment relationship with the disease ( Chanpa et al, 2020 ; Miconi et al, 2021 ) and towards people who recovered from COVID-19 due to infection ( Singh & Subedi, 2020 ).…”
The study's objective was to study the association of perceived discrimination with depression, insomnia and post-traumatic stress in people recovered from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Santa Marta, Colombia. COVID-19 survivors were invited to participate. The authors measured perceived discrimination related to COVID-19 (COVID-19 Perceived Stigma Scale), depression (PHQ-9), insomnia (Athens Insomnia Scale), and post-traumatic stress (Brief Davidson Trauma Scale). Three hundred thirty COVID-19 survivors participated in the research; the participants were between 18 and 89 years; 61.52% were females. 32.12% of the participants reported high perceived discrimination; 49.70%, depression; 60.61%, insomnia; and 13.33% post-traumatic stress. After adjusting for age, gender, and income, depression, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress were associated significantly with discrimination perceived by COVID-19. Perceived discrimination is a social stressor that affects the psychological well-being of people recovered from COVID-19. In the follow-up of this group of patients, it is important to consider the impact of perceived discrimination on psychological well-being.
“… Phelan et al (2008) consider that stigmatization is configured as a mechanism of exploitation or domination, social control, or disease avoidance. Therefore, the fear of infection by coronavirus disease (COVID-19) explains the discrimination related to the pandemic ( Cassiani-Miranda et al, 2020 ), the negative attitude towards people of Asian origin due to the supposed origin of the virus ( Trammell et al, 2021 ; Wen et al, 2020 ) and towards symptomatic people suspected of or diagnosed with COVID-19 ( Nuckchady, 2021 ). In the same way, the fear of COVID-19 promoted violent actions towards health workers due to the employment relationship with the disease ( Chanpa et al, 2020 ; Miconi et al, 2021 ) and towards people who recovered from COVID-19 due to infection ( Singh & Subedi, 2020 ).…”
The study's objective was to study the association of perceived discrimination with depression, insomnia and post-traumatic stress in people recovered from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Santa Marta, Colombia. COVID-19 survivors were invited to participate. The authors measured perceived discrimination related to COVID-19 (COVID-19 Perceived Stigma Scale), depression (PHQ-9), insomnia (Athens Insomnia Scale), and post-traumatic stress (Brief Davidson Trauma Scale). Three hundred thirty COVID-19 survivors participated in the research; the participants were between 18 and 89 years; 61.52% were females. 32.12% of the participants reported high perceived discrimination; 49.70%, depression; 60.61%, insomnia; and 13.33% post-traumatic stress. After adjusting for age, gender, and income, depression, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress were associated significantly with discrimination perceived by COVID-19. Perceived discrimination is a social stressor that affects the psychological well-being of people recovered from COVID-19. In the follow-up of this group of patients, it is important to consider the impact of perceived discrimination on psychological well-being.
“…The stigma generated by COVID-19 is usually a source of shame, anxiety, and potentially social rejection felt directly by the infected, stigmatized person (or the person considered by others as a possible agent of infection) but also by those close to them (family, friends, health professionals, and communities considered to be more conducive to the existence and transmission of the virus, among others) [15,[26][27][28]. Stigma is almost always regarded for its potentially negative characteristics of social rejection and the various consequences involved, and the same has happened with its association with COVID-19 [11,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41], which may even reinforce pre-existing stereotypes, difficulties, and negative images [33,42]. According to Joshi and Swarnakar [36] (p. 3), "All these cases of infectious-disease stigma rely on a binary between the 'normal' and the 'other' in the form of a culturally defined negative attribute or stigma to pass blame through social positions of power and control".…”
Section: Covid-19 and The Processes Of Stigmatizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The sick, the old, the contaminated, and those with bodily marks of physical decay tend to be excluded or ignored [45]. Nuckchady [34] (p. 32) presents a categorization of infected individuals, and thus potential victims of stigmatization, into the following four groups: "[...] stigma of people who are perceived to be carriers of the disease but who most likely are not infected, stigma of people who are actually infected, stigma of people who were infected but who have recovered and are no longer contagious and stigma towards people who care for the ill".…”
Section: Covid-19 and The Processes Of Stigmatizationmentioning
This concept paper aimed to understand how stigma, a concept usually associated with negative social relationships, in the context of a pandemic threat such as COVID-19 can, in some situations, structure a charismatic social relationship in a perceived positive association between stigma and a specific social characteristic. For this purpose, we used the example of the news selected and highlighted by several Portuguese media about the actions and messages developed by President Trump in the context of his infection with SARS-CoV-2 and the subsequent recovery process. These news reports gave visibility to a narrative that can be considered as reinforcing the legitimization of his condition as a charismatic leader in an electoral context marked by the pandemic threat. In conclusion, stigma associated with a pandemic health threat and generally linked to a negative social status can also reinforce admiration, trust, and belief in the charismatic leader by supporters and followers, as demonstrated with the plight of President Trump. Stigma can be a factor in social uplift in affirming an upward trajectory of social status and symbolic power for actors seen as ill, where stigma-motivated discrimination is experienced positively, unlike in most cases.
“…However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, HCWs are also found to have developed social stigma towards COVID-19 patients (Aacharya & Shah, 2020;Grover et al, 2020). Such stigma can disrupt doctor-patient relationships leading to a poor diagnosis, affecting prevention measures and management of illnesses and therefore could disturb the mental health of the patients (Chopra & Arora, 2020;Nuckchady, 2021).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It has been reported that some HCWs and some hospitals have denied admission and treatment for COVID-19 patients (Nuckchady, 2021), indicating fear and stigma among HCWs and those working within healthcare facilities towards COVID-19 patients.…”
Objective: Stigma towards COVID-19 patients has been reported in various media news, including negative behaviour among healthcare workers (HCWs) towards COVID-19 patients, which could affect the professional quality of life for these HCWs. AIMS: We aimed to assess stigma related to COVID-19 patients among HCWs and explore its impact on their professional quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal. Methods: An online cross-sectional study was carried out among 421 HCWs (health assistants 35.6%, nurses 33%, doctors 23.3% and paramedics 8.1% and 52.7% female), working in health facilities in Nepal. The measures included background characteristics, stigma in terms of -discrimination towards COVID-19 patients, acceptance of COVID-19 patients and fear of COVID-19, and professional quality of life in terms of work satisfaction, burnout and fatigue. Descriptive and inferential statistics were utilised to analyse the data in SPSSvs20. Results: While around two-thirds of study participants showed a discriminating attitude towards patients with COVID-19, half showed a negative attitude towards acceptance of patients with COVID-19, and a fifth reported fear of COVID-19. Multivariable regression analysis indicated that while the presence of fear of COVID-19 was associated with low satisfaction, low burnout and low fatigue, an attitude of acceptance of COVID-19 patients was also associated with low burnout and low fatigue, and a discriminatory attitude towards COVID-19 patients was associated with only low satisfaction. Conclusion: Strategies directed towards reducing the fear and discrimination towards patients with COVID-19, and enhancing a positive attitude of acceptance of patients among HCWs, in order to enable an environment for reducing their burnout, fatigue and increasing work satisfaction are recommended.
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