Steroids

Grünwald, C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-67360-3_10

Cited by 29 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 213 publications

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“…A number of environmental factors influence the sterol level of plants (6); for example, treatment of plants with ozone greatly reduces the free sterol content of leaves, and it has been proposed that the increase in cellular permeability with 03 treatment is related to a decrease in free sterols (19). Sulfur dioxide also increases the permeability of membranes (8); however, the present analysis of S02-fumigated plants does not show an appreciable decrease in free sterols, and the results are basically the same whether or not the data are expressed on a dry or on a fresh weight basis (Tables I and IV).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar Fatty Acids and Sterols of Soybean Field Fumigated with SO₂

Grünwald¹

1981

Plant Physiol.

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Sixty-day-old soybean plants were exposed in the field to 78.7 parts per one-hundred million of SO2 in an open-air fumigation system for 20 days. Leaves from the top one-fourth and bottom one-fourth of the plants were analyzed for chlorophyll, free fatty acids, fatty acid esters, polar lipid fatty acids, and sterols. Fumigated plants had a lower chlorophyll, free fatty acid, and polar lipid content, but a higher fatty acid ester content. Of the individual fatty acids, linoleic and linolenic acid increased with SO2 fumigation while palmitic acid decreased. SO2 fumigations had only a minor effect on leaf sterols. In general, the lower, more mature leaves showed a greater response to SO2 exposure.Sulfur dioxide is a gaseous discharge from industry and power plants, and, at times, its concentration in the ambient air can be high enough to produce phytotoxic effects (13,21). At a high enough concentration, SO2 causes a water-soaking appearance, as well as interveinal chlorosis, in leaves. At the cellular level, SO2 affects a number of events, e.g. transpiration, respiration, and photosynthesis (13, 21). The exact sequence of events is unclear, but SO2 does interfere with the structure and permeability of cellular membranes, and it has been suggested that SO2 affects the lipid component of membranes (11,14). However, studies to demonstrate the SO2 effect on lipid metabolism are few.Treatment of pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb) needles with aqueous SO2 solution produced a marked reduction in glycolipids (11), and studies with radioactive acetate have shown that both aqueous and gaseous SO2 inhibit lipid biosynthesis (14). The effect of SO2 was greater in young or developing needles than it was in fully developed needles. In American elm (Ulmus americana L.), the decrease in lipids with SO2 treatment was much less pronounced and depended largely upon the physiological age of the plant (2). Like those of pine, the younger elm leaves showed a greater response. Fumigation with gaseous SO2 demonstrated that pollutant concentration and length of exposure determine the extent of inhibition in lipid biosynthesis (14). In pine, lipid biosynthesis was partially or completely recovered within 2 days after removal of the pollutant (14); in elm, the effect was more lasting, up to 5 weeks in young leaves (2).The

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar Fatty Acids and Sterols of Soybean Field Fumigated with SO₂

Grünwald¹

1981

Plant Physiol.

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“…Various species of bacteria, fungi, algae and vascular plants contain steroid-like compounds [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and respond to steroids in a variety of ways [7,9,13,19,20]. The presence of 17␤-estradiol has been reported for different plant species [7,9] and we have recently described evidence concerning the occurrence not only of estrogens but also of a putative estrogen receptor (ER)-like protein in in vitro cultures of Solanum glaucophyllum Desf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of estrogen receptor (ER)-like proteins and endogenous ligands for ER in solanaceae

Milanesi

Boland

2004

Plant Science

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“…The natural occurrence of sex steroid hormones in several vascular plants has been extensively documented (Geuns 1978, Buchala and Schmid 1979, Grunwald 1980, Mudd 1980, Mandava et al 1982, Boland 1986, Weissenberg et al 1989, Agarwal 1993, Curino et al 1998, Skliar et al 2000). S. glaucophyllum has been previously shown to contain appreciable quantities of the secosteroid hormone 1α,25(OH) 2 D 3 and related metabolites (Boland et al 2003 and references therein).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biological effects of 1α,25(OH) 2 ‐vitamin D 3 [1α,25(OH) 2 D 3 ] are mediated by a specific vitamin D receptor (VDR) protein, completely cloned several years ago (McDonell et al 1987, Baker et al 1988). Several types of bacteria, fungi, algae, and vascular plants in general, contain steroids (Wasserman et al 1976, Geuns 1978, Buchala and Schmid 1979, Grunwald 1980, Mudd 1980, Mandava et al 1982, Feldman et al 1982, Boland 1986, Weissenberg et al 1989, Agarwal 1993, Curino et al 1998, Skliar et al 2000) and have been shown to undergo physiologic changes in response to these compounds, including vitamin D 3 , 25(OH)‐vitamin D 3 [25(OH)D 3 ] and 1α,25(OH) 2 D 3 (Geuns 1978, Buchala and Schmid 1979, Vega et al 1988, Talmon et al 1989, Agarwal 1993). The presence of vitamin D 3 and its hydroxylated derivatives, in particular 1α,25(OH) 2 D 3 , has been detected in an appreciable number of flowering plants, including Solanum glaucophyllum Desf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%