“…Among the metabolites, A 4 was predominant in all size of oocytes even in the GVM stage (500 μm oocyte diameter). In our previous study, A 4 was also produced dominantly in vitellogenic oocytes from red lip mullet, Chelon haematocheilus, blacktip grouper, Epinephelus fasciatus, and blackfin flounder, Glyptocephalus stelleri (Baek et al, 2011;Hwang et al, 2012;Lee & Baek, 2015). A few studies reported that A 4 is related to sex change in protogynous hermaphrodite, Monopterus albus and Sparisoma viride (Yeung & Chan, 1987;Cardwell & Liley, 1991;Yeung et al, 1993).…”