Steroid and prescription medicine abuse in the health and fitness community: A regional study

Baker, Julien S.; Graham, Michael R.; Davies, Bruce

doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2006.04.010

Cited by 106 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Hall and Hall (2005), in their review, suggested that anabolic steroid abuse has become a major problem in the United States, with more than 1 million individuals abusing these drugs [7]. Another study conducted among health club users in the South Wales area revealed that AAS use is prevalent (70 %) among recreational gym users [8]. Studies regarding the prevalence of AAS use among adolescents reported lifetime prevalence ranging from 1 % to 5 % [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and awareness of anabolic androgenic steroid use among male body builders in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Bahri¹,

Mahfouz²,

Marran³

et al. 2017

Trop. J. Pharm Res

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Purpose: To examine the prevalence and awareness of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use among male bodybuilders visiting gyms in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 500 male bodybuilders visiting gyms in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. Information on demographics, as well as the use of AAS, was included in a self-administered questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of AAS in Jazan was 31.0 % (95 % CI,, and it was higher among those in the [30][31][32][33][34]. Its prevalence was also significantly higher among athletes who received higher education 37. 4% (95 % CI,. The most common types of AAS used are

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and awareness of anabolic androgenic steroid use among male body builders in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Bahri¹,

Mahfouz²,

Marran³

et al. 2017

Trop. J. Pharm Res

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“…While doping techniques and specific substance use in competitive athletes varies tremendously (for example, depending on type of sport), the overarching aim of this form of drug use is to improve performance and to win. Yet most people who use anabolic steroids do not compete in organised sport (Baker et al, 2006;Pope et al, in press) and most studies into anabolic steroid usage indicate that the main reasons to use these drugs are to enhance the performance of muscle, for example by increasing strength, or improving the appearance of the body (Evans-Brown et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A qualitative study of anabolic steroid use amongst gym users in the United Kingdom: motives, beliefs and experiences

Kimergård

2014

Journal of Substance Use

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The illicit use of anabolic steroids amongst the gym population continues to rise in the United Kingdom presenting serious challenges to public health. This study used qualitative interviews to explore the experiences of 24 users of anabolic steroids and investigate their motives and experiences. Body satisfaction was a motivating factor in the use of anabolic steroids. Anabolic steroid users' drug use and associated behaviour were influenced by numerous sources of information, in particular, first-hand accounts of their peers, along with personal opinion and anecdotes on the Internet. As a result of this knowledge, users expressed their belief that these drugs can be used relatively safely. The prevailing viewpoint, that the harms associated with anabolic steroids can be managed and that this behaviour is part of a healthy lifestyle, contributes to the potential health risks.

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“…The acclaim of the anabolic properties of GH appeared in the underground doping literature as early as 1983 [11]. Its abuse has increased [12] despite early research demonstrating its effect on functional abilities is no greater than exercise alone in healthy young men [13] or elderly males [14]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Effects of Short-Term Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Administration in Abstinent Steroid Dependency

et al. 2008

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Background/Aims: Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) as opposed to cadaver pituitary GH is misused for physical improvement. Six days’ rhGH administration, in abstinent anabolic-androgenic steroid dependents, was compared with controls. Method: Male subjects (n = 48) were randomly divided into two groups: (1): control group (C), n = 24, mean ± SD, age 32 ± 11 years, height 1.8 ± 0.06 m; (2): rhGH-using group (0.058 IU·kg^–1·day^–1) (GH), n = 24, mean ± SD, age 32 ± 9 years, height 1.8 ± 0.07 m. Physiological measurements included anthropometry, strength, power and peak oxygen uptake (VO₂ peak). Biochemical measurements included haemoglobin, packed cell volume, glucose, sodium, potassium, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, thyroid function, testosterone, prolactin, cortisol, GH and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). Results: Strength, peak power output and IGF-I significantly increased and total protein, albumin and free tetra-iodothyronine significantly decreased compared to controls (p < 0.05) and within the GH group (p < 0.017). Fat-free mass index and VO₂ peak significantly increased, while body fat and thyroid-stimulating hormone significantly decreased within the GH group (p < 0.017). Conclusions: Short-term rhGH increased strength and power. Of therapeutic value is the possibility that muscle bulk and strength could be increased in patients with muscle-wasting conditions.

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Steroid and prescription medicine abuse in the health and fitness community: A regional study

Cited by 106 publications

References 31 publications

Prevalence and awareness of anabolic androgenic steroid use among male body builders in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Prevalence and awareness of anabolic androgenic steroid use among male body builders in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

A qualitative study of anabolic steroid use amongst gym users in the United Kingdom: motives, beliefs and experiences

Physical Effects of Short-Term Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Administration in Abstinent Steroid Dependency

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