Sterilization on dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles: Effects of autoclaving, filtration, UV irradiation, and ethanol treatment

Li, L.; Mak, K. Y.; Shi, Jue; Leung, CW; Wong, Chun Ming; Leung, Chun Wah; Mak, Chris S. K.; Chan, Kwong‐Yu; Chan, Nmm; Wu, Ed X.; Pong, Philip W. T.

doi:10.1016/j.mee.2013.02.021

Cited by 32 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Additionally, degradation of iron oxide into free ions in physiological environments [9] has been reported to increase free radical production in cells, causing damage which may lead to cell death [10,11]. Therefore, these particles are commonly coated with organic macromolecules, such as poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) [12], dextran [13], and poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) [14] or with coatings such as silica [15], carbon [16], or precious metals (e.g., gold or silver) [17]. In light of the unique properties of MNPs, particularly iron oxide NPs, the aim of this review is to discuss the recent developments in the synthesis and application of iron oxide NPs.…”

Section: Nano Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

A biotechnological perspective on the application of iron oxide nanoparticles

et al. 2016

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In recent decades, magnetic iron nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted much attention due to properties such as superparamagnetism, high surface area, large surface-to-volume ratio, and easy separation under external magnetic fields. Therefore, magnetic iron oxides have potential for use in numerous applications, including magnetic resonance imaging contrast enhancement, tissue repair, immunoassay, detoxification of biological fluids, drug delivery, hyperthermia, and cell separation. This review provides an updated and integrated focus on the fabrication and characterization of suitable magnetic iron NPs for biotechnological applications. The possible perspective and some challenges in the further development of these NPs are also discussed.

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Section: Nano Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

A biotechnological perspective on the application of iron oxide nanoparticles

et al. 2016

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“…Purity is an intrinsic property of any iNP. In case of the presence of contaminants, ENP should be sterilized and depyrogenized by using standard techniques such as autoclaving, filtration, or gamma-irradiation (Li et al 2013;Vetten et al 2014;Zheng et al 2011). If, however, impurities are still detected thereafter, which cannot be removed by a modified production process, the candidate falls out of the HES and must be further assessed in a case-by-case evaluation.…”

Section: Microbial Contamination and Endotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preclinical hazard evaluation strategy for nanomedicines

et al. 2018

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The increasing nanomedicine usage has raised concerns about their possible impact on human health. Present evaluation strategies for nanomaterials rely on a case-by-case hazard assessment. They take into account material properties, biological interactions, and toxicological responses. Authorities have also emphasized that exposure route and intended use should be considered in the safety assessment of nanotherapeutics. In contrast to an individual assessment of nanomaterial hazards, we propose in the present work a novel and unique evaluation strategy designed to uncover potential adverse effects of such materials. We specifically focus on spherical engineered nanoparticles used as parenterally administered nanomedicines. Standardized assay protocols from the US Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory as well as the EU Nanomedicine Characterisation Laboratory can be used for experimental data generation. We focus on both cellular uptake and intracellular persistence as main indicators for nanoparticle hazard potentials. Based on existing regulatory specifications defined by authorities such as the European Medicines Agency and the United States Food and Drug Administration, we provide a robust framework for application-oriented classification paired with intuitive decision making. The Hazard Evaluation Strategy (HES) for injectable nanoparticles is a three-tiered concept covering physicochemical characterization, nanoparticle (bio)interactions, and hazard assessment. It is cost-effective and can assist in the design and optimization of nanoparticles intended for therapeutic use. Furthermore, this concept is designed to be adaptable for alternative exposure and application scenarios. To the knowledge of the authors, the HES is unique in its methodology based on exclusion criteria. It is the first hazard evaluation strategy designed for nanotherapeutics.

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“…The other physical method for sterilization is based on size exclusion, by filtration on a porous matrix [269]. The efficiency of filtration depends on the pore size and the sorption of micro-organisms within the filter matrix [270,271]. For sterilization purposes, the filtration is performed using membranes with pore size of 0.2 µm or lower, under a minimum pressure of 30 psi [41,55,271,272].…”

Section: Size Exclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%