Sterilization

Stanbury, Peter F.; Whitaker, Allan; Hall, Stephen J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-099953-1.00005-3

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In comparison to traditional sterilization methods, which typically use autoclaves and a dry heat oven, the process can take 15 min and up to several hours depending on the bacteria's heat resistance. 50 Using the proposed induction heating method, a fully covered fouled filter can be cleaned in a few minutes. Other studies using laser irradiation to induce heat on a plasmonic material and graphene coatings also achieved 100% bacterial cell inactivation and removal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Active Water Filter Membrane for Induced Heating to Remove Biofoulants

Nguyen

Ohannesian²,

Bandara

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Filter membrane processes are water purification methods that use a partially permeable membrane to separate contaminants from drinking water and wastewater. Although highly effective, they suffer from biofouling due to the aggregation of bacteria and contaminants from the filtrate, thus rendering the membrane unusable. Consequently, the membrane needs to be replaced on a regular basis, which interrupts filtration operation, reduces throughput, and increases production cost. To address this issue, we have developed a new method to remove biofoulants via induction heating on a modified membrane with magnetite (Fe3O4) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coating. Under applied alternating magnetic field (AMF), the surface temperature of the MNPs coating reaches 180 °C with a heating rate of 1.03 °C/s, which disintegrates biofoulants generated by model bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) and by those present in environmental water samples collected from a local lake. The heating process is capable of cleaning biofoulants for several cycles without damaging the filtration function of the membrane. Furthermore, magnetic induction heating on the modified membrane allows uniform high-intensity heat generation on a large surface in only a few minutes using inexpensive MNPs, which can potentially be scaled up for industrial applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Active Water Filter Membrane for Induced Heating to Remove Biofoulants

Nguyen

Ohannesian²,

Bandara

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Hollow-fiber modules (Manjarrez et al, 2000 ) could connect well-stirred bioreactors (glass, polymer, stainless stell,..) that would each contain one or multiple microbial species accomplishing part of biochemical transformation. The flow of media and intermediate products between bioreactors could be controlled by applying pressure into the headspace of each vessel (Manjarrez et al, 2000 ) or using pumps (e.g., peristaltic,..) (Doran, 2012 ; Stanbury et al, 2017 ). Additionally, the cells could be even further confined and separated from the bulk of the medium by cellulose dialyzing membranes (Gerhardt and Gallup, 1963 ; Aida and Yamaguchi, 1966 ; Pörtner and Märkl, 1998 ; Ohno et al, 1999 ), or in dialysis tubing (Baker and Herson, 1978 ; Turley and Lochte, 1985 ; Gehin et al, 1996 ; Guedon et al, 1999 ), and those “sausages” could be placed inside each bioreactor.…”

Section: Engineering Spatially Linked Microbial Consortia (Slmc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pH could be regulated by adding, acid or base in-line (Keen and Prosser, 1987 ; Wijffels et al, 1991 ; Hunik et al, 1994 ; Gernaey et al, 1998 ; Carvallo et al, 2002 ; Park and Bae, 2009 ), a buffer to the medium (Shieh and LaMotta, 1979 ; Charley et al, 1980 ; Hellinga et al, 1999 ; Chandran and Smets, 2005 ; Vadivelu et al, 2006 ), or by inserting a “buffering chamber” between two elements, an abiotic module whose function would be to adapt the pH of the medium before piping it to the next microorganism, should this be necessary. Temperature of bioreactors could be controlled by placing it in a thermostatically controlled bath, by using internal heating coils or external heating jackets (Stanbury et al, 2017 ). For the microfluidic scale, external temperature control methods relying on thermoelectric effects (Peltier elements) or resistive heating (Joule heating) exist (Miralles et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Should the dissolved oxygen level need to be increased, local influx of air/oxygen could be provided separately. In the case of well-mixed bioreactors, the stirring would offer an additional control element as characteristics such as the stirrer speed and the impeller geometry would impact the concentration of dissolved oxygen (Garcia-Ochoa and Gomez, 2009 ; Doran, 2012 ; Stanbury et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthetic Microbial Ecology: Engineering Habitats for Modular Consortia

Said

2017

Front. Microbiol.

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The metabolic diversity present in microbial communities enables cooperation toward accomplishing more complex tasks than possible by a single organism. Members of a consortium communicate by exchanging metabolites or signals that allow them to coordinate their activity through division of labor. In contrast with monocultures, evidence suggests that microbial consortia self-organize to form spatial patterns, such as observed in biofilms or in soil aggregates, that enable them to respond to gradient, to improve resource interception and to exchange metabolites more effectively. Current biotechnological applications of microorganisms remain rudimentary, often relying on genetically engineered monocultures (e.g., pharmaceuticals) or mixed-cultures of partially known composition (e.g., wastewater treatment), yet the vast potential of “microbial ecological power” observed in most natural environments, remains largely underused. In line with the Unified Microbiome Initiative (UMI) which aims to “discover and advance tools to understand and harness the capabilities of Earth's microbial ecosystems,” we propose in this concept paper to capitalize on ecological insights into the spatial and modular design of interlinked microbial consortia that would overcome limitations of natural systems and attempt to optimize the functionality of the members and the performance of the engineered consortium. The topology of the spatial connections linking the various members and the regulated fluxes of media between those modules, while representing a major engineering challenge, would allow the microbial species to interact. The modularity of such spatially linked microbial consortia (SLMC) could facilitate the design of scalable bioprocesses that can be incorporated as parts of a larger biochemical network. By reducing the need for a compatible growth environment for all species simultaneously, SLMC will dramatically expand the range of possible combinations of microorganisms and their potential applications. We briefly review existing tools to engineer such assemblies and optimize potential benefits resulting from the collective activity of their members. Prospective microbial consortia and proposed spatial configurations will be illustrated and preliminary calculations highlighting the advantages of SLMC over co-cultures will be presented, followed by a discussion of challenges and opportunities for moving forward with some designs.

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“…As such, this methodology is capable of quantifying multiple analytes from a single spectrum. Near-infrared spectroscopic sensing is a well-established analytical methodology capable of robust operation. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selectivity and Sensitivity of Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Sensing of β-Hydroxybutyrate, Glucose, and Urea in Ternary Aqueous Solutions

Arnold

2021

Anal. Chem.

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The next-generation artificial pancreas is under development with the goal to enhance tight glycemic control for people with type 1 diabetes. Such technology requires the integration of a chemical sensing unit combined with an insulin infusion device controlled by an algorithm capable of autonomous operation. The potential of near-infrared spectroscopic sensing to serve as the chemical sensing unit is explored by demonstrating the ability to quantify multiple metabolic biomarkers from a single near-infrared spectrum. Independent measurements of β-hydroxybutyrate, glucose, and urea are presented based on analysis of nearinfrared spectra collected over the combination spectral range of 5000−4000 cm −1 for a set of 50 ternary aqueous standard solutions. Spectra are characterized by a 1 μAU root-mean-square (RMS) noise for 100% lines with a resolution of 4 cm −1 and an optical path length of 1 mm. Calibration models created by the net analyte signal (NAS) and the partial least squares (PLS) methods provide selective measurements for each analyte with standard errors of prediction in the upper micromolar concentration range. The NAS method is used to determine both the selectivity and sensitivity for each analyte and their values are consistent with these standard errors of prediction. The NAS method is also used to characterize the background spectral variance associated with instrumental and environmental variations associated with buffer spectra collected over a multiday period.

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Sterilization

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

Magnetic Active Water Filter Membrane for Induced Heating to Remove Biofoulants

Magnetic Active Water Filter Membrane for Induced Heating to Remove Biofoulants

Synthetic Microbial Ecology: Engineering Habitats for Modular Consortia

Selectivity and Sensitivity of Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Sensing of β-Hydroxybutyrate, Glucose, and Urea in Ternary Aqueous Solutions

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