Stereotypes influence beliefs about transfer and sentencing of juvenile offenders

Greene, Edie; Duke, Lauren; Woody, William Douglas

doi:10.1080/1068316x.2017.1332194

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…While TPB theorizes that perceived behavioral control, attitude toward the behavior and subjective norms influence behavioral intent as independent exogenous variables, the final structural model suggests that perceived behavioral control influences attitude toward the behavior, and that such attitudes influence the extent subjective norms. This is consistent with the influence of assumptions on beliefs about treatment of offenders (Greene et al, 2017;Haegerich et al, 2013) and suggests that pre-existing assumptions about self and otherfactors that shape perceived risk and uncertaintyindirectly drive openness to participation. Another element is that self-and other-related perceived behavioral controls and anticipated outcomes functioned differently.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Openness to participating in a victim-offender conference

Paul

Schenck-Hamlin

2018

IJCMA

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Purpose This paper aims to use the theory of planned behavior to evaluate factors that influence openness to participating in a victim-offender conference (VOC). Design/methodology/approach Consistent with theory of planned behavior recommendations, the study uses a vignette-based design to assess participation openness as willingness to participate in a VOC if they were victims of a property crime. It evaluates the goodness of fit of a hypothesized structural model of participation openness to the data and the utility of a theory of planned behavior model as opposed to simply an outcome-driven model. Findings Findings from a hierarchical linear regression illustrate that a theory of planned behavior model explains a greater percentage of participation willingness than does an outcome-driven model. Analysis using structural equation modeling suggests that participation openness is largely a function of subjective norms, anticipated affect and anticipated outcomes. Research limitations/implications Limitations spring largely from sampling method and research design. Research implications pertain to the utility of theory of planned behavior in expanding research of VOC participation openness to include not only outcomes but also relational and contextual factors. Practical implications The manuscript identifies several implications for training facilitators, talking with prospective VOC participants and advocating for restorative justice programs. Originality/value Use of the theory of planned behavior as a lens for understanding openness to VOC participation gives researchers and practitioners a wider and more nuanced understanding of why people would generally be willing to participate in a VOC if they were the victim of an offense.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Openness to participating in a victim-offender conference

Paul

Schenck-Hamlin

2018

IJCMA

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“…Challenging negative stereotypes, which can influence judgments about knife crime and young people and indirectly affect policy-making about youth crime (Greene et al, 2017), is essential in raising awareness about knife crime. There is a real need to understand not just the causes, but also to understand the mechanisms (in particular the communication mechanisms) that can inflame and/or reduce the impact of these causes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are images of seized knives an effective crime deterrent? A comparative thematic analysis of young people’s views within the Scottish context

Cogan¹,

Chau²,

Russell³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The urgency to reduce knife carrying has been recognised by police services within Scotland and has been addressed by initiatives such as the sharing of knife seizure images on media outlets. This study sought to explore young peoples’ views on the use of knife seizure images as a deterrent to carrying knives by using comparative individual interviews (N = 20) with photo elicitation. Three themes were discovered: (1) negative reactions towards images of seized knives, (2) images of knives may encourage rather than deter knife carrying, and (3) reinforcement of existing beliefs, stereotypes and stigma. These findings highlight the limitations of using knife seizure images as a deterrent and the importance of involving young people in developing preventative and non-discriminatory approaches to tackling knife crime.

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“…A small body of studies has examined how jurors perceive juvenile defendants who have been transferred, waived, or processed in adult court compared to adult defendants. In general, jurors perceive juveniles as less mature than adults (Walker & Woody, 2011), less competent decision makers (Haegerich et al., 2013), and likely to commit crimes because of their environment rather than their morality (Greene et al., 2017). Yet they often tend not to take these differences into account when rendering legal decisions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1994)), which eased the transfer of juveniles to adult courts and levied harsh penalties against justice‐involved youth. As another example, this stereotype likely affects the way jurors perceive juveniles because those who endorse it‐‐compared to those who do not‐‐are more likely to believe that juveniles are dangerous and have committed crimes previously (Bennett et al., 1996), less likely to believe juvenile defendants should be tried in juvenile court (Greene et al., 2017; Haegerich et al., 2013), more likely to believe juvenile defendants are guilty (Haegerich et al., 2013), and more likely to levy harsh punishments on juvenile defendants (Greene & Evelo, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that their perceptions for juvenile and adult suspects are similar in nature. Yet some related research has found that jurors tend to believe juveniles commit crimes due to situational factors (e.g., family environment, peer pressure) rather than dispositional factors (e.g., being a bad person) (Greene et al., 2017; Haegerich et al., 2013). Although not about confessions specifically, this research can provide some insight into the attributions that jurors may draw about juvenile suspects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Waiving goodbye to youth: Jurors perceive transferred juveniles differently from adults but render similar verdicts

Katzman

Fessinger

Bornstein

et al. 2022

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Juveniles are developmentally different from adults but are often treated similarly in the criminal justice system.In case processing, many juveniles are transferred to adult courts. Before case processing, many juveniles are interrogated with the same tactics used against adults. Limited research has examined jurors' decisions in juvenile transfer cases, particularly those involving confession evidence.In two studies, we built on this small line of research and extended it to examine whether jurors make different decisions for juvenile versus adult defendants with differing types of confession evidence. Participants listened to a trial that varied in defendant age (Study 1: 16, 23; Study 2: 13, 16, 23, 42), interrogation pressure (low, high), and interrogation outcome (denial, confession). They rendered a verdict and rated the defendant on dangerousness and maturity.Age did not affect verdict in either study, but it did affect perceptions of dangerousness and maturity in both studies.Study 2 replicated and extended our findings by showing that differences in dangerousness and maturity were driven by participants' preexisting stereotypes about juveniles as superpredators. Overall, jurors recognized juveniles' lesser maturity but did not account for it in their verdicts. The stigma associated with the superpredator stereotype may limit jurors' sensitivity to the developmental vulnerabilities of juvenile defendants.

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Stereotypes influence beliefs about transfer and sentencing of juvenile offenders

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Openness to participating in a victim-offender conference

Openness to participating in a victim-offender conference

Are images of seized knives an effective crime deterrent? A comparative thematic analysis of young people’s views within the Scottish context

Waiving goodbye to youth: Jurors perceive transferred juveniles differently from adults but render similar verdicts

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