Stereotype Threat and Lift Effects in Motor Task Performance: The Mediating Role of Somatic and Cognitive Anxiety

Laurin, Raphaël

doi:10.1080/00224545.2013.821098

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This behavior is consistent with the notion of stereotype lift, previously observed in males in ST research (e.g. Chalabaev et al, 2013; Chalabaev et al, 2008; Chatard, Selimbegović, Konan, & Mugny, 2008; Croizet et al, 2004; Laurin, 2013; Shih, Ambady, Richeson, Fujita, & Gray, 2002; Shih, Pittinsky, & Ambadi, 1999; Walton & Cohen, 2003; Wraga, Helt, Jacobs, & Sullivan, 2007). Stereotype lift has been suggested to increase motivation to uphold the manipulated stereotype and buttress self-esteem.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Girls can play ball: Stereotype threat reduces variability in a motor skill

2016

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The majority of research on stereotype threat shows what is expected: threat debilitates performance. However, facilitation is also possible, although seldom reported. This study investigated how stereotype threat influences novice females when performing the sensorimotor task of bouncing a ball to target. We tested the predictions of two prevailing accounts for debilitation and facilitation due to ST effects: working memory and mere effort. Experimental results showed that variability in performance decreased more in stigmatized females than in control females, consistent with the prediction of the mere effort account, but inconsistent with the working memory account. These findings suggest that stereotype threat effects may be predicated upon the correctness of the dominant motor behavior rather than on a novice-expert distinction or task difficulty. Further, a comprehensive understanding should incorporate the fact that stereotype threat can facilitate, as well as debilitate, performance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Girls can play ball: Stereotype threat reduces variability in a motor skill

2016

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“…Again, this is assumed to be the result of the prevailing stereotypical belief that women in general are worse than men in athletic and technical domains compared to "psychology"-related domains. Similar performance-hindering effects for females have also been found in golf (Stone & McWhinnie, 2008), basketball (Hively & El-Alayli, 2014;Laurin, 2013), and tennis (Hively & El-Alayli, 2014). In the following section we will turn to factors that contribute to such performance-hindering effects and how they might be diminished by the activation of positive identities.…”

Section: Stereotype Threat Effects In Sportssupporting

confidence: 52%

Dealing With Negative Stereotypes in Sports: The Role of Cognitive Anxiety When Multiple Identities Are Activated in Sensorimotor Tasks

Martiny

Gleibs

Parks‐Stamm

et al. 2015

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology

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LSE has developed LSE Research Online so that users may access research output of the School. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LSE Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute the URL (http://eprints.lse.ac.uk) of the LSE Research Online website.This document is the author's final accepted version of the journal article. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. Based on research on stereotype threat and multiple identities, this work explores the beneficial effects of activating a positive social identity when a negative identity is salient on women's performance in sports. Further, in line with research on the effects of anxiety in sports, we investigate whether the activation of a positive social identity buffers performance from cognitive anxiety associated with a negative stereotype. Two experiments tested these predictions in field settings. Experiment 1 (N = 83) shows that the simultaneous activation of a positive (i.e., member of a soccer team) and a negative social identity (i.e., woman) led to better performance than the activation of only a negative social identity for female soccer players. Experiment 2 (N = 46) demonstrates that identity condition moderated the effect of cognitive anxiety on performance for female basketball players. Results are discussed concerning multiple identities' potential for dealing with stressful situations. STEREOTYPE THREAT AND MULTIPLE IDENTITIES IN SPORTS Word count abstract: 148Word count text: 7654 . In the present work we extend previous research by combining theories on stereotype threat and multiple social identities to predict outcomes in sensorimotor tasks. We investigate the consequences of the simultaneous activation of multiple social identities compared to the activation of only one (negative) social identity on females' performance in complex sensorimotor coordination tasks (e.g., soccer dribbling and basketball shooting).Additionally, we examine the role of cognitive and somatic anxiety in the classic stereotype threat situation compared to one in which also a positive identity is activated. We argue that whereas cognitive anxiety negatively affects performance in the classic stereotype threat condition, this relationship disappears when a positive social identity is also made salient. Multiple Identities and Stereotype Threat STEREOTYPE THREAT AND MULTIPLE IDENTITIES IN SPORTS 4The fact that every person belongs to a variety of different groups and thus possesses multiple social identities (e.g., being a woman, a mother, a researcher, a psychologist, and a soccer player) was often overlooked in early stereo...

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“…This means that whenever people are reminded of a stereotype, a negative stereotype is activated for one group (e.g., female soccer players), but a positive stereotype is activated for another group (e.g., male soccer players). Research shows that when a person is reminded that others are negatively stereotyped (i.e., a negative outgroup stereotype), through social comparison to the denigrated group, that person's performance may be heightened (Chalabaev, Stone, Sarrazin, & STEREOTYPE THREAT IN SPORT Croizet, 2008;Froehlich, Martiny, Deaux, Goetz, & Mok, 2016;Laurin, 2013). This is known as stereotype lift (Walton & Cohen, 2003).…”

Section: Effects Of Positive Stereotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereotype Threat in Sport: Recommendations for Applied Practice and Research

Smith

Martiny²

2018

The Sport Psychologist

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Stereotype-threat theory holds that activation of a negative stereotype has a harmful effect on performance in cognitive and motor domains. This paper provides a literature review of stereotype-threat research in the motor domain followed by recommendations for sport psychology practitioners. The review discusses the most widespread stereotypes that exist in sport, the effects of stereotype activation on performance in different sports, and mechanisms that explain why stereotype threat decreases performance. Recommendations for practitioners include individual- and organizational-level approaches, with the former subdivided into interventions aimed at prevention or coping.

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Stereotype Threat and Lift Effects in Motor Task Performance: The Mediating Role of Somatic and Cognitive Anxiety

Cited by 39 publications

References 30 publications

Girls can play ball: Stereotype threat reduces variability in a motor skill

Girls can play ball: Stereotype threat reduces variability in a motor skill

Dealing With Negative Stereotypes in Sports: The Role of Cognitive Anxiety When Multiple Identities Are Activated in Sensorimotor Tasks

Stereotype Threat in Sport: Recommendations for Applied Practice and Research

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