Stereostructure of Komodoquinone A, a Neuritogenic Anthracycline, from Marine Streptomyces sp. KS3

Lee

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

et al. 2006

139

100

A total of 106 actinobacteria associated with the marine sponge Hymeniacidon perleve collected from the Yellow Sea, China were isolated using eight different media. The number of species and genera of actinobacteria recovered from the different media varied significantly, underlining the importance of optimizing the isolation conditions. The phylogenetic diversity of the actinobacteria isolates was assessed using 16S rRNA gene amplification-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the 106 strains with different morphologies. The RFLP fingerprinting of selected strains by HhaI-digestion of the 16S rRNA genes resulted in 11 different patterns. The HhaI-RFLP analysis gave good resolution for the identification of the actinobacteria isolates at the genus level. A phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the isolates belonged to seven genera of culturable actinobacteria including Actinoalloteichus, Micromonospora, Nocardia, Nocardiopsis, Pseudonocardia, Rhodococcus, and Streptomyces. The dominant genus was Streptomyces, which represented 74% of the isolates. Three of the strains identified are candidates for new species.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culturable Actinobacteria from the Marine Sponge Hymeniacidon perleve: Isolation and Phylogenetic Diversity by 16S rRNA gene-RFLP Analysis

Lee

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

et al. 2006

139

100

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

“…KS3 and showed neuritogenic activity. They induce cell differentiation in the neuroblastoma cell line, Neuro2A and arrests cell cycle at the G 1 phase (Itoh et al 2003 (12) is produced by S. corchorusii AUBN (1)/7 (Shiono et al 2002). This is an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.…”

Section: Quinonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Streptomyces as a novel source of bioactive substances

Dharmaraj

2010

152

102

Marine actinobacteria are the most economically as well as biotechnologically valuable prokaryotes. Representative genera of marine actinobacteria include Actinomadura, and several others. Among the genera of marine actinobacteria, the genus Streptomyces is represented in nature by the largest number of species and varieties, which differ greatly in their morphology, physiology, and biochemical activities. Marine Streptomyces occur in different biological sources such as fishes, molluscs, sponges, seaweeds and mangroves, besides seawater and sediments. In this review an evaluation is made on the present state of research on marine Streptomyces and its perspectives. The highlights include the production of metabolites such as antibiotics, anticancer compounds, enzymes, enzyme inhibitors and pigments by marine Streptomyces and their application as single cell protein and as probiotics in aquaculture. The marine environment contains a wide range of distinct Streptomyces that are not present in the terrestrial environment. With increasing advancement in science and technology, there would be greater demands in future for new bioactive compounds synthesised by Streptomyces from various marine sources.

“…IV. Komodoquinone A [167] (Fig. 15) is a neuritogenic anthracycline isolated from the fermentation broth of a marine Streptomyces sp.…”

Section: Quinonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive compounds from marine actinomycetes

2008

Actinomycetes are one of the most effi cient groups of secondary metabolite producers and are very important from an industrial point of view. Among its various genera, Streptomyces, Saccharopolyspora, Amycolatopsis, Micromonospora and Actinoplanes are the major producers of commercially important biomolecules. Several species have been isolated and screened from the soil in the past decades. Consequently the chance of isolating a novel actinomycete strain from a terrestrial habitat, which would produce new biologically active metabolites, has reduced. The most relevant reason for discovering novel secondary metabolites is to circumvent the problem of resistant pathogens, which are no longer susceptible to the currently used drugs. Existence of actinomycetes has been reported in the hitherto untapped marine ecosystem. Marine actinomycetes are effi cient producers of new secondary metabolites that show a range of biological activities including antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, insecticidal and enzyme inhibition. Bioactive compounds from marine actinomycetes possess distinct chemical structures that may form the basis for synthesis of new drugs that could be used to combat resistant pathogens.