Stereospecific α‐Olefin Polymerization with Heterogeneous Catalysts

Severn, John R.; Jones, Robert L.

doi:10.1002/9781119242277.ch9

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 217 publications

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“…Ethylene participates in the copolymerization initiation and propagation steps as per the original Cossee-Arlman migratory olefin insertion mechanism and its subsequent refinements. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] See Figure 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 3 partially lists several such precatalysts, which are usually Spaleck 17,19,[21][22][23] and constrained geometry types, 5,[24][25][26][27][28] tridentate titanium, 29,30 and tetradentate zirconium post-metallocenes, 29,31 and Nomura (cyclopentadienyl)(aryloxy)titanium post-metallocenes. 32 One F I G U R E 1 Copolymer morphology progression in a thermoplastic elastomer due to increasing comonomer incorporation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…39 Note that high temperature polymerization better controls reactor operation provided it does not deactivate the catalyst and degrade the polymer properties. 17 Here, we particularly refer to robustness and algorithm efficiency which are required for designing polymerization reactors and evaluating the validity of the proposed EoS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic making of ethylene‐1‐hexene elastomers: Thermodynamic guide to process development

Atiqullah,

Abdelaal,

Adamu

et al. 2023

AIChE Journal

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Ethylene‐alpha olefin elastomers have versatile applications. Solution copolymerization makes them, using ethylene and alpha olefin‐rich comonomer feed and metallocene and postmetallocene precatalysts, at laboratory and industry conditions. Hence, this study models ethylene solubility in toluene‐1‐hexene and n‐hexane‐1‐hexene mixtures using VLE criterion, Peng–Robinson EoS, vdW1f mixing rule, and Shulgin's activity coefficient‐Henry's constant formalism. Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, with initial conditions comprising quasi‐ideal K factor correlation and Tait liquid phase EoS, solved the model equations. This eliminates present cumbersome literature approach. The predicted solubilities well match the experimental values at all temperature and pressure. Ethylene solubility correlates the liquid phase fluid compressibility to the corresponding catalyst active center residential environment. This offers a new approach to investigate catalyst and copolymerization phenomena and develop ethylene‐1‐hexene elastomer process. Evaluating copolymerization and microstructural property, using ethylene solubility ignoring that in 1‐hexene, introduces significant errors. The present work corrects them and solves a long‐standing polymer reaction engineering problem.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Catalytic making of ethylene‐1‐hexene elastomers: Thermodynamic guide to process development

Atiqullah,

Abdelaal,

Adamu

et al. 2023

AIChE Journal

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Olefine und polare Vinylmonomere: Überbrückung der Lücke für Materialien der nächsten Generation

et al. 2019

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Die inhärenten Reaktivitätsunterschiede zwischen aktivierten und nicht aktivierten Alkenen verhindern ihre Copolymerisation über die etablierten Synthesetechniken der Polymerchemie. In den vergangenen 20 Jahren hat die Forschung zur Copolymerisation von polaren Vinylmonomeren und Olefinen erhebliche Fortschritte gemacht. Dieser Aufsatz zeigt die Schwierigkeiten im Zusammenhang mit konventionellen Polymerisationsverfahren auf und beurteilt die wichtigsten Methoden, die zum “Überbrücken der Lücke” zwischen polaren Vinylmonomeren und Olefinen entwickelt wurden. Wir besprechen die Fortschritte bei mit Heteroatomen verträglichen Koordinations‐/Insertionspolymerisationen, Kontrollmethoden für radikalische Polymerisationen zum Einbau olefinischer Polymere sowie kombinierte Verfahren, die sequenzielle Polymerisationen nutzen. Schließlich diskutieren wir aktuelle, auf Stimuli reagierende Systeme, die einfaches Umschalten zwischen katalytischen Mechanismen ermöglichen, und geben einen Ausblick auf Anwendungen für maßgeschneiderte Copolymere.

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Olefins and Vinyl Polar Monomers: Bridging the Gap for Next Generation Materials

et al. 2019

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The inherent differences in reactivity between activated and non‐activated alkenes prevents copolymerization using established polymer synthesis techniques. Research over the past 20 years has greatly advanced the copolymerization of polar vinyl monomers and olefins. This Review highlights the challenges associated with conventional polymerization systems and evaluates the most relevant methods which have been developed to “bridge the gap” between polar vinyl monomers and olefins. We discuss advancements in heteroatom tolerant coordination–insertion polymerizations, methods of controlling radical polymerizations to incorporate olefinic monomers, as well as combined approaches employing sequential polymerizations. Finally, we discuss state‐of‐the‐art stimuli‐responsive systems capable of facile switching between catalytic pathways and provide an outlook towards applications in which tailored copolymers are ideally suited.

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Stereospecific α‐Olefin Polymerization with Heterogeneous Catalysts

Cited by 6 publications

References 217 publications

Catalytic making of ethylene‐1‐hexene elastomers: Thermodynamic guide to process development

Catalytic making of ethylene‐1‐hexene elastomers: Thermodynamic guide to process development

Olefine und polare Vinylmonomere: Überbrückung der Lücke für Materialien der nächsten Generation

Olefins and Vinyl Polar Monomers: Bridging the Gap for Next Generation Materials

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