Phyllospongianes
A–E (1–5), five new scalarane
derivatives featuring an unprecedented
6/6/6/5
tetracyclic dinorscalarane scaffold, along with the known probable
biogenetic precursor, 12-deacetylscalaradial (6), were
isolated from the marine sponge Phyllospongia foliascens. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by analysis
of spectroscopic data and electronic circular dichroism experiments.
Compounds 1–5 are the first 6/6/6/5
tetracyclic scalarane derivatives to be reported within the scalarane
family. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 exhibited antibacterial activity against Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio parahemolyticus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with MIC values ranging from 1 to 8 μg/mL. Furthermore, compound 3 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity on MDA-MB-231,
HepG2, C4-2-ENZ, MCF-7, H460, and HT-29 cancer cell lines with IC50 values in the range between 0.7 and 13.2 μM.