Stereological Analysis of Carbides in Hypoeutectic Chromium Cast Iron

Gromczyk, M.; Kondracki, M.; Studnicki, A.; Szajnar, J.

doi:10.1515/afe-2015-0030

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Proper control of crystallization processes kinetics in order to optimize casting microstructure and mechanical properties is a vital factor of enhancing the castings quality [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Titanium on Crystallization and Wear Resistance of High Chromium Cast Iron

Studnicki¹,

Dojka²,

Gromczyk³

et al. 2016

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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“…Proper control of crystallization processes kinetics in order to optimize casting microstructure and mechanical properties is a vital factor of enhancing the castings quality [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Titanium on Crystallization and Wear Resistance of High Chromium Cast Iron

Studnicki¹,

Dojka²,

Gromczyk³

et al. 2016

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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“…Each cooling curve has characteristic points corresponding to the extending phase crystallization processes in the field of solidification and cooling of the casting. Hence, it is important to do the thermal analysis during every melt [3][4][5][6]. Figures 2 and 3 show a cooling curves, and the first derivative, respectively for the High Chromium Cast Iron (HCCI), and after the titanium addition.…”

Section: Cooling Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phase equilibrium systems are the basis for the interpretation of the structure of all alloys. They illustrate the phase composition of alloys and phase transitions as a function of the chemical composition of the alloy and temperature [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Addition of Titanium on The Structure and Properties of High Chromium Cast Iron

Kopyciński¹,

Guzik²,

Siekaniec³

et al. 2015

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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The paper presents results of Ti-addition to High Chromium Cast Iron (HCCI) on the structure and selected mechanical properties. For this study casted two sets of cylinders with dimensions ø20 mm, ø15 mm × 250 mm, for the High Chromium Cast Iron (HCCI) and with the 4% by mass Ti-addition. Melts were performed in the induction furnace crucible capacity of 15 kg. During the heats the cup with installed S type thermocouple was poured to record the cooling curves. The cylinders were subjected to the static bending strength test. Samples for the test microstructure and Rockwell hardness were cut from the cylinders. The study shows that the addition of titanium had an impact on the structure and thus the properties of High Chromium Cast Iron (HCCI). In subsequent studies, through an appropriate choice of chemical composition and proper process control, it is planned to obtain in the structure the titanium carbides TiC and chromium carbides with type (Cr, Fe)7C3.

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“…Alloying elements and variation of cooling speed during solidification of the alloys should provide a stable single-phase structure of metallic base with sufficient amount of strengthening phase, which will not be characterized by phase transformations during heating [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Thin solid protective oxide film will be also formed on the surface of components, ensuring combination of the required mechanical and operating properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of aluminium and niobium alloying on phase composition, structure and properties of heat- and wear-resistant cast iron of Cr-Mn-Ni-Ti system

Kolokoltsev¹,

Petrochenko²,

Molochkova³

2021

cisisr

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The paper presents the data on phase composition and structure forming for the alloys and oxide layers, on distribution of elements among the alloy structural components and oxidation surface through the depth of oxide and sub-oxide layers, on variation of wear resistance, scale resistance, growing stability and mechanical properties of cast iron of Cr-Mn-Ni-Ti-Al-Nb system depending on different aluminium and niobium content and thermal accumulating capacity of a casting mould. Complex carbides (Nb, Ti)C are forming in white cast iron during niobium alloying. Quantitative metallographic analysis of (Nb, Ti)C carbides and (Cr, Fe, Mn) 7 C 3 complex carbides was carried out on the samples with examined composition. The tests for scale resistance were conducted, structure and properties of cast iron were investigated. It was determined that chemical composition and structure of oxide layers depend on distribution of alloying elements among the alloy structural components. It was established that the areas of oxide film surface layer, which were formed on eutectics, contain mainly manganese; its concentration is more than 65 %, while Al is 4 % and Cr is 1 %. Manganese leads to increase of defects amount, such as pores, micro-cracks and vacancies, in oxide film during high-temperature gas oxidation; penetration ability of this film also increases, what has a negative effect on metal resistance to further destruction caused by oxidation. The film becomes porous, its thickness enlarges. Aluminium provides favourable influence on forming of the thin protective spinel-type films (dense substance with good metal adhesion) with minimal amount of defects; diffusion through such oxide film is very difficult. The areas of oxide layer, which were formed on austenite dendrites, contain mainly aluminium; its concentration is more than 24 %, while Mn is 16 % and Cr is 12 %. High aluminium content provides small film thickness. Joint alloying by aluminium and niobium leads to simultaneous increase of heat resistance and wear resistance. Wear resistance increased as a result of enlargement of the part of primary carbides (Nb, Ti)C with high hardness in the structure of cast iron. Composition of oxide films includes aluminium which strengthens their protective properties and rises of the alloy scale resistance. Alloying by niobium leads to secondary hardening during cooling in a casting mould. Dispersion particles of М 7 С 3 carbides are forming in solid state, thereby no structure degradation occurs during testing at increased temperatures, and growing stability rises.

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Stereological Analysis of Carbides in Hypoeutectic Chromium Cast Iron

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Influence of Titanium on Crystallization and Wear Resistance of High Chromium Cast Iron

Influence of Titanium on Crystallization and Wear Resistance of High Chromium Cast Iron

The Effect of Addition of Titanium on The Structure and Properties of High Chromium Cast Iron

Influence of aluminium and niobium alloying on phase composition, structure and properties of heat- and wear-resistant cast iron of Cr-Mn-Ni-Ti system

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