Stereo 3-D and non-stereo presentations of a computer-generated pictorial primary flight display with pathway augmentation

Nataupsky, Mark; Crittenden, Lucille

doi:10.2514/6.1988-3965

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Still, in more complex, integrative tasks, the value of these techniques remains to be determined, and some studies have failed to indicate any benefits (e.g., of stereo: Nataupsky and Crittendon, 1988). The current experiment represents an initial look into the potential benefits that such techniques offer to the comprehension of data.…”

Section: Mesh and Rotational Motionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Implications of Graphics Enhancements for the Visualization of Scientific Data: Dimensional Integrality, Stereopsis, Motion, and Mesh

1994

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This study examines the effectiveness of four techniques to assist scientists in evaluating multidimensional data. Subjects viewed a series of complex 3D data sets, each representing an underlying complex surface, from which a set of discrete points or observations were sampled. From each sample they answered questions that required focus of attention on certain data points or integration across varying numbers of data points and dimensions. After a number of samples were viewed from each surface, subjects were tested for their retention of the surface characteristics. In Experiment 1, 3D (perspective) representations were found to support superior performance to 2D (planar) representations, but only for more integrative questions. Animated motion provided no benefits. In Experiment 2, stereoptic views of a 3D display were also found to support performance, particularly for integrative questions, but the ability to rotate the data space (motion parallax) and the presence of a mesh surface connecting the points did not. The posttests revealed some evidence that 3D representations improved the ability to visualize the surface, but neither 3D renderings nor stereopsis led to a better abstract representation of the data.

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Section: Mesh and Rotational Motionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Implications of Graphics Enhancements for the Visualization of Scientific Data: Dimensional Integrality, Stereopsis, Motion, and Mesh

1994

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“…For example, the presence of relative motion, attenuates the benefits of stereopsis. This conclusion is supported by studies in more operational environments, which reveal that the greatest gains from stereopsis are observed in more static displays (like air traffic control) than in dynamic ones (like flight path guidance) where relative motion offers a very useful cue (Nataupsky & Crittendon, 1988;Way, 1989). In fact, the very choice of whether to use a 3D rendering, rather than orthographic 2D projections has a cost associated with ambiguity of position along the line of sight, and with the distortion of distance judgments along axes that are drawn in perspective (i.e., not parallel to the viewing plane).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Three Dimensional Display Technology for Aerospace and Visualization

Wickens

Todd

1990

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting

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The similarities and contrasts between scientific visualization, and the tasks imposed on the pilot and air traffic controller are highlighted. Relevant principles for 3 dimensional display design for both of these applications are stated, and an experiment is described which contrasts four graphical formats across a number of tasks involving the interpretation of a hypothetical set of scientific data. the degree to which focused attention vs. integration is involved. The graphical formats were either 2 or 3D renderings and either did or did not contain contours to emphasize objectness. The results revealed that emergent features, created either by obiectness or 3 dimensionality, The tasks vary in facilitated integration performance. slowed performance on all tasks.

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“…The application of stereo technology has also been investigated for years within the flight display community.1-7 These efforts have been particularly intense for helmet-mounted heads-up display applications, as the display of stereopsis cuing information is readily available with binocular helmet systems. 1-4, Additional investigations utilizing electronic shutters or polarized filters, rather than helmet optics, to present separate left-and right-eye views in heads-down applications have also been conducted58 [7][8][9][10][11] While most of these efforts have been effective in the application of stereopsis to particular tasks, a program addressing stereo 3-D pictorial displays from a comprehensive standpoint has not been evident. NASA Langley Research Center initiated such a program in 1988.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent research results in stereo 3-D pictorial displays at Langley Research Center

Parrish¹,

Busquets²,

Williams³

9th IEEE/AIAA/NASA Conference on Digital Avionics Systems

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The utilization of three-dimensional display information, rather than the conventional two-dimensional display of such information, has become an accepted practice in fields such as meteorology, molecular modeling, medical imaging, and Computer Aided Design (CAD). The application of stereo technology has also been investigated for years within the flight display community. These efforts have been particularly intense for helmet-mounted heads-up display applications, as the display of stereopsis cuing information is readily available with binocular helmet systems. Recent efforts are extending the emphasis to head-down display applications, also. While most of these efforts have been effective in the application of stereopsis to particular tasks, a program addressing stereo 3-D pictorial displays from a comprehensive standpoint has not been evident. NASA Langley Research Center initiated such a program in 1988. The program addresses human factors issues and display technology aspects, as well as flight display applications. This paper presents a survey of the research results from this program.

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Stereo 3-D and non-stereo presentations of a computer-generated pictorial primary flight display with pathway augmentation

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Implications of Graphics Enhancements for the Visualization of Scientific Data: Dimensional Integrality, Stereopsis, Motion, and Mesh

Implications of Graphics Enhancements for the Visualization of Scientific Data: Dimensional Integrality, Stereopsis, Motion, and Mesh

Three Dimensional Display Technology for Aerospace and Visualization

Recent research results in stereo 3-D pictorial displays at Langley Research Center

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