STEM graduates, human capital externalities, and wages in the U.S.

Abstract

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Is There Trickle-Down from Tech? Poverty, Employment, and the High-Technology Multiplier in U.S. Cities

“…There is also a potential selection bias as low skilled workers in 'tech-cities' may be more likely to be in employment, a factor that would bias down estimates of wages for other groups. Other work has also shown external wage effects from local concentrations of workers with Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths (STEM) degrees (Winters, 2014).…”

Field of Study, Qualification Mismatch, and Wages: Does Sorting Matter?

“…There is also some scientific evidence that the social returns to STEM education exceed the private benefits. For example, Winters (2013) finds that human capital externalities are especially high for STEM graduates.…”

Do higher levels of education and skills in an area benefit wider society?

“…In particular, graduates in STEM disciplines are likely to have especially large positive external effects on the productivity and wages of other workers because of the important role those disciplines play in local technological innovation [7]. Descriptive analysis corroborates this hypothesis: the wages of noncollege graduates are much higher in areas with a greater share of STEM graduates.…”

“…Previous work by the author contains a larger number of background references for the material presented here and has been used intensively in all major parts of this article [7], [11], [12].…”